Bianco Angelica, Passananti Monica, Brigante Marcello, Mailhot Gilles
Institute for Atmospheric and Earth System Research, University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland.
Dipartimento di Chimica, Università di Torino, 10125 Torino, Italy.
Molecules. 2020 Jan 20;25(2):423. doi: 10.3390/molecules25020423.
This review paper describes briefly the cloud aqueous phase composition and deeply its reactivity in the dark and mainly under solar radiation. The role of the main oxidants (hydrogen peroxide, nitrate radical, and hydroxyl radical) is presented with a focus on the hydroxyl radical, which drives the oxidation capacity during the day. Its sources in the aqueous phase, mainly through photochemical mechanisms with HO, iron complexes, or nitrate/nitrite ions, are presented in detail. The formation rate of hydroxyl radical and its steady state concentration evaluated by different authors are listed and compared. Finally, a paragraph is also dedicated to the sinks and the reactivity of the HO radical with the main compounds found in the cloud aqueous phase. This review presents an assessment of the reactivity in the cloud aqueous phase and shows the significant potential impact that this medium can have on the chemistry of the atmosphere and more generally on the climate.
这篇综述论文简要描述了云的水相组成，并深入探讨了其在黑暗中以及主要在太阳辐射下的反应活性。介绍了主要氧化剂（过氧化氢、硝酸根自由基和羟基自由基）的作用，重点关注在白天驱动氧化能力的羟基自由基。详细阐述了其在水相中的来源，主要通过与羟基、铁络合物或硝酸根/亚硝酸根离子的光化学机制。列出并比较了不同作者评估的羟基自由基的形成速率及其稳态浓度。最后，还专门用一段内容讨论了羟基自由基的汇以及它与云水相中主要化合物的反应活性。这篇综述对云水相中的反应活性进行了评估，显示了这种介质对大气化学以及更广泛的气候可能产生的重大潜在影响。
