Department of Dermatology, The University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
Department of Dermato-Venerology, Bahir Dar University, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia.
Int J Dermatol. 2020 Mar;59(3):265-278. doi: 10.1111/ijd.14759. Epub 2020 Jan 22.
Throughout much of the African continent, healthcare systems are already strained in their efforts to meet the needs of a growing population using limited resources. Climate change threatens to undermine many of the public health gains that have been made in this region in the last several decades via multiple mechanisms, including malnutrition secondary to drought-induced food insecurity, mass human displacement from newly uninhabitable areas, exacerbation of environmentally sensitive chronic diseases, and enhanced viability of pathogenic microbes and their vectors. We reviewed the literature describing the various direct and indirect effects of climate change on diseases with cutaneous manifestations in Africa. We included non-communicable diseases such as malignancies (non-melanoma skin cancers), inflammatory dermatoses (i.e. photosensitive dermatoses, atopic dermatitis), and trauma (skin injury), as well as communicable diseases and neglected tropical diseases. Physicians should be aware of the ways in which climate change threatens human health in low- and middle-income countries in general, and particularly in countries throughout Africa, the world's lowest-income and second most populous continent.
在整个非洲大陆，医疗保健系统已经在努力利用有限的资源满足不断增长的人口的需求，这已经让它们不堪重负。气候变化通过多种机制威胁到该地区过去几十年在公共卫生方面取得的许多成果，包括干旱引起的粮食不安全导致的营养不良、因新出现的不适宜居住地区而大规模人口流离失所、环境敏感型慢性疾病恶化以及致病微生物及其传播媒介的生存能力增强。我们查阅了描述气候变化对非洲具有皮肤表现的疾病的各种直接和间接影响的文献。我们纳入了非传染性疾病，如恶性肿瘤（非黑素瘤皮肤癌）、炎症性皮肤病（即光敏感皮肤病、特应性皮炎）和创伤（皮肤损伤），以及传染病和被忽视的热带病。一般来说，医生应该了解气候变化如何威胁到低收入和中等收入国家的人类健康，尤其是在非洲这个世界上最贫穷和第二大人口最多的大陆的各个国家。
