Toxicity, Biodegradation, and Metabolic Fate of Organophosphorus Pesticide Trichlorfon on the Freshwater Algae .

This study investigated the toxicity of trichlorfon (TCF) to the freshwater algae , as well as its biodegradation and metabolic fate. The growth of decreased with increasing TCF concentration, and the maximum inhibition ratio was 51.3% at 200 mg L TCF compared to the control. Analyses of pigment content, chlorophyll fluorescence, and antioxidant enzymes indicated that can produce resistance and acclimatize to the presence of TCF. The variations in pH during cultivation suggested that photosynthetic microalgae have innate advantages over bacteria and fungi in remediating TCF. A 100% biodegradation rate was achieved at a maximum concentration of 100 mg L TCF. Ten metabolites were identified by GC-MS, and the degradation pathways of TCF by the algae were proposed. This research demonstrated that is highly tolerant to and can efficiently degrade TCF. Thus, can be used to remove traces of TCF from natural water environments and to treat TCF-contaminated wastewater.