Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Campus de Rabanales and Campus Internacional de Excelencia Agroalimentario (CeiA3), University of Córdoba, Edificio Severo Ochoa, 14071 Córdoba, Spain.
Cells. 2024 Jul 2;13(13):1137. doi: 10.3390/cells13131137.
The extensive metabolic diversity of microalgae, coupled with their rapid growth rates and cost-effective production, position these organisms as highly promising resources for a wide range of biotechnological applications. These characteristics allow microalgae to address crucial needs in the agricultural, medical, and industrial sectors. Microalgae are proving to be valuable in various fields, including the remediation of diverse wastewater types, the production of biofuels and biofertilizers, and the extraction of various products from their biomass. For decades, the microalga has been widely used as a fundamental research model organism in various areas such as photosynthesis, respiration, sulfur and phosphorus metabolism, nitrogen metabolism, and flagella synthesis, among others. However, in recent years, the potential of as a biotechnological tool for bioremediation, biofertilization, biomass, and bioproducts production has been increasingly recognized. Bioremediation of wastewater using presents significant potential for sustainable reduction in contaminants and facilitates resource recovery and valorization of microalgal biomass, offering important economic benefits. has also established itself as a platform for the production of a wide variety of biotechnologically interesting products, such as different types of biofuels, and high-value-added products. The aim of this review is to achieve a comprehensive understanding of the potential of in these aspects, and to explore their interrelationship, which would offer significant environmental and biotechnological advantages.
微藻具有广泛的代谢多样性，加上其快速的生长速度和具有成本效益的生产方式，使这些生物体成为许多生物技术应用的极具前景的资源。这些特性使微藻能够满足农业、医疗和工业领域的关键需求。微藻在各种领域都证明具有价值，包括多种废水类型的修复、生物燃料和生物肥料的生产，以及从其生物质中提取各种产品。几十年来，微藻一直被广泛用作光合作用、呼吸作用、硫和磷代谢、氮代谢和鞭毛合成等各个领域的基础研究模式生物。然而，近年来，作为生物修复、生物肥料、生物质和生物制品生产的生物技术工具的潜力已经越来越被人们所认识。利用微藻对废水进行生物修复具有可持续减少污染物的巨大潜力，并促进了微藻生物质的资源回收和增值，带来了重要的经济效益。微藻还已成为生产各种具有生物技术吸引力的产品的平台，如不同类型的生物燃料和高附加值产品。本综述的目的是全面了解微藻在这些方面的潜力，并探讨它们之间的相互关系，这将带来显著的环境和生物技术优势。
