作为惩罚的监狱：监禁的行为分析评估
Prison as Punishment: A Behavior-Analytic Evaluation of Incarceration.
作者信息
Apel Alexis B, Diller James W
机构信息
1Department of Psychology, Eastern Connecticut State University, 83 Windham Street, Willimantic, CT 06226 USA.
2Boston College, Chestnut Hill, MA USA.
出版信息
Behav Anal. 2016 Nov 9;40(1):243-256. doi: 10.1007/s40614-016-0081-6. eCollection 2017 Jun.
The USA currently imprisons over 2.2 million people (Glaze and Kaeble, 2014). Of those, about 70 % will be rearrested within 3 years of release (Durose, Cooper, & Synder, 2014). If prison is viewed as a large-scale intervention, it lacks empirical support of effectiveness. The present paper reviews criminological data related to incarceration and evaluates components of imprisonment in light of behavior-analytic research on punishment. These factors include elements such as the individual's learning history and aspects of the punisher (e.g., intensity and immediacy). Partnering with other professionals, behavior analysts interested in this area could apply their skills in research and practice to help mitigate a large-scale problem of great social significance.
美国目前监禁着超过220万人（格雷兹和凯布尔，2014年）。其中，约70%的人在获释后3年内会再次被捕（杜罗斯、库珀和斯奈德，2014年）。如果将监狱视为一种大规模干预措施，它缺乏有效性的实证支持。本文回顾了与监禁相关的犯罪学数据，并根据惩罚的行为分析研究评估监禁的组成部分。这些因素包括个体的学习经历以及惩罚者的一些方面（如强度和即时性）。对这一领域感兴趣的行为分析师与其他专业人员合作，可以将他们在研究和实践中的技能应用于帮助缓解一个具有重大社会意义的大规模问题。
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