Li Zhihua, Gong Liangjun
Materials Sciences and Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 41000, Hunan, China.
Materials (Basel). 2020 Jan 23;13(3):548. doi: 10.3390/ma13030548.
Conducting polyaniline (PANI) with high conductivity, ease of synthesis, high flexibility, low cost, environmental friendliness and unique redox properties has been extensively applied in electrochemical energy storage and conversion technologies including supercapacitors, rechargeable batteries and fuel cells. Pure PANI exhibits inferior stability as supercapacitive electrode, and can not meet the ever-increasing demand for more stable molecular structure, higher power/energy density and more N-active sites. The combination of PANI and other active materials like carbon materials, metal compounds and other conducting polymers (CPs) can make up for these disadvantages as supercapacitive electrode. As for rechargeable batteries and fuel cells, recent research related to PANI mainly focus on PANI modified composite electrodes and supported composite electrocatalysts respectively. In various PANI based composite structures, PANI usually acts as a conductive layer and network, and the resultant PANI based composites with various unique structures have demonstrated superior electrochemical performance in supercapacitors, rechargeable batteries and fuel cells due to the synergistic effect. Additionally, PANI derived N-doped carbon materials also have been widely used as metal-free electrocatalysts for fuel cells, which is also involved in this review. In the end, we give a brief outline of future advances and research directions on PANI.
导电聚苯胺（PANI）具有高导电性、易于合成、高柔韧性、低成本、环境友好以及独特的氧化还原特性，已广泛应用于包括超级电容器、可充电电池和燃料电池在内的电化学能量存储与转换技术中。纯聚苯胺作为超级电容电极时稳定性较差，无法满足对更稳定分子结构、更高功率/能量密度以及更多氮活性位点不断增长的需求。聚苯胺与碳材料、金属化合物和其他导电聚合物（CPs）等其他活性材料相结合，可以弥补其作为超级电容电极的这些缺点。对于可充电电池和燃料电池，近期与聚苯胺相关的研究主要分别集中在聚苯胺修饰的复合电极和负载型复合电催化剂上。在各种基于聚苯胺的复合结构中，聚苯胺通常充当导电层和网络，由于协同效应，所得具有各种独特结构的聚苯胺基复合材料在超级电容器、可充电电池和燃料电池中表现出优异的电化学性能。此外，聚苯胺衍生的氮掺杂碳材料也已广泛用作燃料电池的无金属电催化剂，本文也将涉及这方面内容。最后，我们简要概述了聚苯胺未来的进展和研究方向。
