Ho Dean, Quake Stephen R, McCabe Edward R B, Chng Wee Joo, Chow Edward K, Ding Xianting, Gelb Bruce D, Ginsburg Geoffrey S, Hassenstab Jason, Ho Chih-Ming, Mobley William C, Nolan Garry P, Rosen Steven T, Tan Patrick, Yen Yun, Zarrinpar Ali
The N.1 Institute for Health (N.1), National University of Singapore, Singapore; The Institute for Digital Medicine (WisDM), National University of Singapore, Singapore; Department of Biomedical Engineering, NUS Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore; Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore.
Department of Bioengineering, Stanford University, CA, USA; Department of Applied Physics, Stanford University, CA, USA; Chan Zuckerberg Biohub, San Francisco, CA, USA.
Trends Biotechnol. 2020 May;38(5):497-518. doi: 10.1016/j.tibtech.2019.12.021. Epub 2020 Jan 21.
Individualizing patient treatment is a core objective of the medical field. Reaching this objective has been elusive owing to the complex set of factors contributing to both disease and health; many factors, from genes to proteins, remain unknown in their role in human physiology. Accurately diagnosing, monitoring, and treating disorders requires advances in biomarker discovery, the subsequent development of accurate signatures that correspond with dynamic disease states, as well as therapeutic interventions that can be continuously optimized and modulated for dose and drug selection. This work highlights key breakthroughs in the development of enabling technologies that further the goal of personalized and precision medicine, and remaining challenges that, when addressed, may forge unprecedented capabilities in realizing truly individualized patient care.
个性化患者治疗是医学领域的核心目标。由于导致疾病和健康的因素复杂多样，实现这一目标一直难以捉摸；从基因到蛋白质，许多因素在人体生理学中的作用仍不明确。准确诊断、监测和治疗疾病需要在生物标志物发现方面取得进展，随后开发与动态疾病状态相对应的准确特征，以及能够针对剂量和药物选择进行持续优化和调整的治疗干预措施。这项工作突出了在使能技术开发方面的关键突破，这些技术推动了个性化和精准医学的目标，以及仍然存在的挑战，解决这些挑战可能会在实现真正个性化的患者护理方面打造前所未有的能力。
