AP-HP, Hopital Cochin, Maison de Solenn, Paris, France.
CESP, Université Paris-Sud, Faculté de Médecine - UVSQ, INSERM, Université Paris-Saclay, Villejuif, France.
Eur Eat Disord Rev. 2020 Mar;28(2):211-222. doi: 10.1002/erv.2717. Epub 2020 Jan 24.
This qualitative study examines the representations of young Chinese girls and women with eating disorders (EDs) about the role of women in China, because conflicting societal values for women may foster the development of EDs there.
Semistructured interviews were conducted with 11 adolescent girls or young women hospitalized for an ED and with eight of their parents. Interpretative phenomenological analysis was used to explore the data.
Three superordinate themes emerged from the participants' narratives: the thin ideal in Chinese society; the experience of gender-related pressure; and independence and autonomization in a changing society. The ideal of thinness prevails, both in interpersonal relationships and in social roles. Highly codified representations persist, limiting women's opportunities. The participants and their parents show substantial ambivalence about independence; the young women have real difficulty in making decisions, thus failing to adopt roles that accord with their aspirations.
Young girls' and women's representations of their gender could have implications in the development of EDs, mediated by their focus on thinness and their difficulties in constructing their identity, in developing autonomy and self-esteem, as well as family conflict. These findings indicate that construction of femininity in China is unsettled by rapid societal changes.
本定性研究考察了中国年轻女性和女性进食障碍（ED）患者对女性角色的代表性看法，因为中国社会中相互矛盾的女性价值观可能会助长 ED 的发展。
对 11 名因 ED 住院的青少年女孩或年轻女性及其 8 名父母进行半结构化访谈。采用解释现象学分析方法对数据进行了探讨。
参与者的叙述中出现了三个超主题：中国社会中的瘦理想；与性别相关的压力体验；以及不断变化的社会中的独立和自主。在人际关系和社会角色中，瘦的理想占主导地位。高度规范的代表性持续存在，限制了女性的机会。参与者及其父母对独立性表现出很大的矛盾心理；年轻女性在做出决策方面确实存在困难，因此无法采用符合自己愿望的角色。
年轻女孩和女性对自己性别角色的代表性看法可能会对 ED 的发展产生影响，其影响途径是她们对瘦的关注以及在构建身份、发展自主性和自尊心以及家庭冲突方面的困难。这些发现表明，中国女性气质的构建受到快速社会变革的影响。
