Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Resources Utilization of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100193, China.
Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Resources Utilization of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100193, China.
Sci Total Environ. 2020 Apr 20;714:136718. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.136718. Epub 2020 Jan 15.
Incorrect and excess usage of pesticides during crop cultivation poses a serious threat to human health and ecosystems. In this study, we tested for the presence of 201 pesticide residues in 90 batches of Panax notoginseng (P. notoginseng) and 10 batches of planting soil. Pesticide residue characteristics and the relationship between pesticides present in P. notoginseng and the soil were discussed. Twenty-nine pesticides were detected in P. notoginseng samples and 15 pesticides were found in the soil samples. In P. notoginseng samples, the 68.9% of the identified pesticides were fungicides, and six fungicides (procymidone, iprodione, pyrimethanil, propiconazole, dimethomorph and tebuconazole) were found in >90% of the samples. Nine insecticides were found, with one insecticide, chlorpyrifos, detected in 93.3% of the P. notoginseng samples. The residual concentrations of 17 pesticides were found at levels exceeded the "non-Chinese" maximum residue levels (MRLs) for Ginseng and 17 pesticides were found at levels exceeding the MRLs set by China for "pollution-free" P. notoginseng. We observed no significant differences in pesticide residues were found on P. notoginseng from different cultivation areas. We also analyzed the degradation kinetics of pesticides in the soil, as well as their bioconcentration factors (BCFs), and found that the fungicides iprodione and myclobutanil displayed strong uptake from the soil to the root of P. notoginseng. Together, our data suggest that fungicides should be considered as key monitoring substances in P. notoginseng and planting soil.
在作物种植过程中，不正确和过度使用农药对人类健康和生态系统构成严重威胁。在这项研究中，我们测试了 90 批三七（Panax notoginseng）和 10 批种植土壤中 201 种农药残留。讨论了三七中农药残留的特征以及三七中存在的农药与土壤之间的关系。在三七样品中检测到 29 种农药，在土壤样品中检测到 15 种农药。在三七样品中，鉴定出的农药中 68.9%为杀菌剂，有 6 种杀菌剂（丙环唑、异菌脲、嘧菌酯、丙环唑、代森锰锌和戊唑醇）在超过 90%的样品中被发现。发现了 9 种杀虫剂，其中一种杀虫剂毒死蜱在 93.3%的三七样品中被检出。17 种农药的残留浓度超过了“非中国”人参的最大残留限量（MRLs），17 种农药的残留浓度超过了中国“无污染”三七的 MRLs。我们观察到，来自不同种植区的三七的农药残留没有显著差异。我们还分析了土壤中农药的降解动力学及其生物浓缩因子（BCFs），发现杀菌剂异菌脲和甲基托布津从土壤向三七根部的吸收能力较强。总之，我们的数据表明，杀菌剂应被视为三七和种植土壤中关键的监测物质。
