Zheng Kai, Guo Lan-Ping, Zhang Xiao-Bo, Wang Cheng-Xiao, Qu Yuan, Liu Wei, Zhou Tao, Zhang Ya-Yu, Cui Xiu-Ming, Yang Ye
Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology Kunming 650050, China Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Panax notoginseng Kunming 650050, China.
National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences Beijing 100700, China.
Zhongguo Zhong Yao Za Zhi. 2022 Mar;47(6):1438-1444. doi: 10.19540/j.cnki.cjcmm.20211221.101.
Panax notoginseng is a perennial Chinese medicinal plant, which has serious continuous cropping obstacles and is prone to a variety of diseases and insect pests during the growth process. At present, the prevention and control of pests and diseases is mainly carried out through chemical pesticides, and the consequent pesticide residues of P. notoginseng have attracted much attention. This study reviewed the types and detection methods of pesticide residues in P. notoginseng from 1981 to 2021, and compared the limits of pesticide residues in P. notoginseng in China and abroad to provide a reference for rational application of pesticides in P. notoginseng and quality control of medicinal materials, thereby promoting the sustainable development of the P. notoginseng industry in China. Currently, there are only 40 published papers on pesticide residues of P. notoginseng, which is indicative of a serious problem of insufficient research. At present, hundreds of pesticide residues in P. notoginseng can be detected simultaneously by using chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. The pesticides detected have gradually changed from early prohibited ones, such as dichlorodiphenyl trichloroethane(DDT), benzene hexachloride(BHC), and parathion, to low toxic ones(e.g., dimethomorph, procymidone, propicona-zole, and difenoconazole). The dietary risk from pesticide residues in P. notoginseng is low, which would not cause harm to consu-mers. This study concluded that in the future, the development of the quality standard for pesticide residues of P. notoginseng should be actively carried out. To increase the pesticides used in actual production in the quality standard based on the existing ones and to guide farmers to use pesticides scientifically will be the focus of future work.
三七是一种多年生的中国药用植物，存在严重的连作障碍，在生长过程中易发生多种病虫害。目前，病虫害防治主要通过化学农药进行，三七随之产生的农药残留备受关注。本研究综述了1981年至2021年三七中农药残留的种类及检测方法，并比较了国内外三七中农药残留限量，为三七合理用药及药材质量控制提供参考，从而推动我国三七产业的可持续发展。目前，关于三七农药残留的已发表论文仅有40篇，研究不足的问题严重。目前，利用色谱 - 串联质谱法可同时检测三七中的数百种农药残留。所检测出的农药已逐渐从早期禁用的农药，如滴滴涕（DDT）、六六六（BHC）和对硫磷，转变为低毒农药（如烯酰吗啉、腐霉利、丙环唑和苯醚甲环唑）。三七中农药残留的膳食风险较低，不会对消费者造成危害。本研究得出结论，未来应积极开展三七农药残留质量标准的制定工作。在现有基础上增加质量标准中实际生产中使用的农药，并指导农户科学用药将是未来工作的重点。
