Saranrittichai Kesinee, Ussavapark Wichai, Thamrongwarangkoon Apisit, Haengsorn Tiptiya, Daoruang Sureerat, Teeranut Ampornpan
Research and Training Center for Enhancing Quality of Life of Working Age People, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand.
Faculty of Public Health, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand.
Asian Pac J Cancer Prev. 2020 Jan 1;21(1):7-12. doi: 10.31557/APJCP.2020.21.1.7.
This qualitative research aimed to describe important components of community based approaches of cancer prevention from working experiences of accredited health professionals in Thai rural communities.
Data were collected from 23 communities with 23 accredited health professionals as key participants using in-depth interview and focus group discussions (FGDs) in each community. Other informants were community leaders, community health volunteers and community people. Content analysis was applied for data analysis.
Community based approaches for cancer prevention from the experiences of accredited health professionals were composed of 2 themes: approaches for community-based cancer prevention and methods for cancer-based prevention in the community. The approaches for community-based cancer prevention was composed of 4 components: 1) primary prevention focusing on health education; 2) secondary prevention include: life style modification, vaccination, advocacy of cancer screening, early detection, and prompt refer; 3) tertiary prevention focusing on primary care, and 4) research collaboration focusing on net working. Methods for cancer-based prevention in the community were different based on types of cancer. The 3 factors determined to be associated with community based approaches for cancer prevention were: 1) primary care policy; 2) hometown workplace; and 3) health practice skill.
Community based approaches for cancer prevention should concentrate on building a literate community involvement to empower both health care providers and residents. From our evidence, dedicated community associates health professionals have a major role to play.
本定性研究旨在通过泰国农村社区经认证的卫生专业人员的工作经验，描述基于社区的癌症预防方法的重要组成部分。
在23个社区收集数据，以23名经认证的卫生专业人员为关键参与者，在每个社区进行深入访谈和焦点小组讨论（FGD）。其他信息提供者包括社区领袖、社区卫生志愿者和社区居民。采用内容分析法进行数据分析。
经认证的卫生专业人员经验中基于社区的癌症预防方法由2个主题组成：基于社区的癌症预防方法和社区中基于癌症的预防方法。基于社区的癌症预防方法由4个组成部分组成：1）以健康教育为重点的一级预防；2）二级预防包括：生活方式改变、疫苗接种、倡导癌症筛查、早期发现和及时转诊；3）以初级保健为重点的三级预防；4）以网络为重点的研究合作。社区中基于癌症的预防方法因癌症类型而异。确定与基于社区的癌症预防方法相关的3个因素是：1）初级保健政策；2）家乡工作场所；3）健康实践技能。
基于社区的癌症预防方法应专注于建立有文化素养的社区参与，以增强医疗服务提供者和居民的能力。根据我们的证据，敬业的社区助理卫生专业人员可发挥重要作用。
