Arifin Azeri Gautama, Gondo Takahiro, Akashi Ryo
Faculty of Agriculture, University of Miyazaki, 1-1 Nishi Gakuen-kibanadai, Miyazaki 889-2192, Japan.
Frontier Science Research Center, University of Miyazaki, 1-1 Nishi Gakuen-kibanadai, Miyazaki 889-2192, Japan.
Plant Biotechnol (Tokyo). 2019 Dec 25;36(4):233-240. doi: 10.5511/plantbiotechnology.19.1016a.
The application of useful genes from model plants to crops is an important step to verify its agricultural usefulness. , an asparaginyl-tRNA synthetase gene, was previously identified through the Full-length cDNA Over-eXpressor gene (FOX gene-hunting system) of cDNA by using super-growing root (SR) culture of , and was suggested to have a potential in increasing some amino acid contents and plant biomass. To identify the functionality of gene in a typical legume crop soybean, the effects of its overexpression in transgenic plants to agricultural traits and free amino acid contents were evaluated. The transgenic soybean plants were produced from infected half-seed explants of 1 day old seedlings with the suspension of harboring expression vector pB7WG2D-. The transgenic plants that overexpressed gene had increased asparagine and lysine contents in matured seeds, and increased aspartate, lysine, alanine and histidine contents in germinated seeds. The changes in those free amino acid contents affected plant morphology and led to significant increase in plant length, number of branches and number of branch nodes as yield components of soybean. The transgenic plants also showed a tendency of higher number of pods, seeds and total seed weight per plant. These results showed that the overexpression of gene contributes on the increase of plant free amino acid contents and biomass, and this approach is expected to be applicable in other legumes, grain and forage crops.
将模式植物中的有用基因应用于农作物是验证其农业实用性的重要一步。天冬酰胺基 - tRNA合成酶基因（ ）先前是通过使用 的超生长根（SR）培养，通过 的全长cDNA过表达基因（FOX基因捕获系统）鉴定出来的，并且被认为在增加某些氨基酸含量和植物生物量方面具有潜力。为了鉴定 基因在典型豆科作物大豆中的功能，评估了其在转基因植物中过表达对农业性状和游离氨基酸含量的影响。转基因大豆植株是用携带表达载体pB7WG2D - 的 的悬浮液感染1日龄幼苗的半粒种子外植体产生的。过表达 基因的转基因植物成熟种子中天冬酰胺和赖氨酸含量增加，发芽种子中天冬氨酸、赖氨酸、丙氨酸和组氨酸含量增加。这些游离氨基酸含量的变化影响了植物形态，并导致大豆产量构成要素的株高、分枝数和分枝节数显著增加。转基因植物还表现出单株荚数、种子数和种子总重量较高的趋势。这些结果表明， 基因的过表达有助于增加植物游离氨基酸含量和生物量，并且这种方法有望应用于其他豆科植物、谷物和饲料作物。
