Effect of different laser-assisted irrigation activation techniques on apical debris extrusion.

The aim of this study was to compare apical debris extrusion when neodymium-doped yttrium aluminium garnet (Nd:YAG) lasers, erbium-doped yttrium aluminium garnet (Er:YAG) or photon-induced photoacoustic streaming (PIPS) are used for irrigation activation. A total of 60 extracted human mandibular premolar teeth have similar dimensions were included and the samples were split into four groups according to the irrigation technique ( = 15): conventional needle irrigation, PIPS, Er:YAG and Nd:YAG. ProTaper Universal system up to F4 was used for root canal instrumentation. Bidistilled water was used as an irrigation solution during instrumentation and irrigation activation. Apically extruded debris was collected into preweighed Eppendorf tubes during instrumentation and irrigation activation procedures. The tubes were then kept in an incubator at 70 °C for 5 days. The initial weight of the tube was subtracted from the final weight and the result was recorded as the weight of dry extruded debris. The data were evaluated statistically using a one-way ANOVA test followed by least significant difference test ( < .05). Conventional needle irrigation caused significantly less debris extrusion than laser-assisted irrigation activation groups ( < .05). Laser-assisted irrigation activation groups caused statistically similar debris extrusion ( > .05). Laser-assisted irrigation activation techniques caused more debris extrusion when compared to conventional needle irrigation.