Bowling Green State University, 822 East Merry Street, Psychology Building, Bowling Green, OH, 43403, USA.
Département de Psychologie, UQTR, 3351 Boul. des Forges, Trois-Rivières, QC, G9A 5H7, Canada.
Appetite. 2020 Jun 1;149:104613. doi: 10.1016/j.appet.2020.104613. Epub 2020 Jan 24.
Significant research has linked parents' feeding practices to children's eating habits. However, much less is known about how childhood feeding relates to longer-term outcomes such as eating in adulthood. The current study uses retrospective reports from mother-daughter dyads (N = 217) to compare childhood feeding practices and to examine how recalled feeding is related to current eating (emotional eating, intuitive eating, unrestrained eating) and body mass index (BMI) in adult daughters. Mothers and daughters completed the Comprehensive Feeding Practices Questionnaire (CFPQ), subscales from the Three Factor Eating Questionnaire, and the Intuitive Eating Scale. Results of an exploratory factor analysis indicated that mothers and daughters largely had similar factor structures on retrospective reports, with factor loadings varying on four of twelve original CFPQ subscales: monitoring, restriction for health, child control, and modelling. Paired samples t-tests examined mean differences between mother and daughter reports on each subscale; there was no significant difference between mother and daughter reports on six of the 11 scales. Daughters reported significantly higher levels of pressure to eat; mothers reported significantly higher levels of healthy practices, child control, involvement, and unhealthy environment than their daughters recalled. Hierarchical regressions revealed that daughters' reports of specific childhood feeding practices accounted for significant change in unadjusted variance for uncontrolled eating (18.8%), emotional eating (13.1%), intuitive eating (14.7%), and BMI (16.1%). Similarly, regressions revealed that mothers' reports of childhood feeding practices accounted for significant change in unadjusted variance for emotional eating (11.5%) and BMI (11.2%), but not uncontrolled or intuitive eating. Collectively, results lend strong support to the use of retrospective reports on childhood feeding and provide evidence that recalled childhood feeding practices have lasting relations with adult eating behaviors.
大量研究将父母的喂养行为与儿童的饮食习惯联系起来。然而，对于童年喂养与成年后长期结果（如成年后的进食行为）之间的关系，人们知之甚少。本研究使用母亲-女儿二元组的回顾性报告（N=217）来比较童年喂养行为，并探讨回忆中的喂养方式如何与成年女儿的当前饮食（情绪性进食、直觉性进食、无约束性进食）和身体质量指数（BMI）相关。母亲和女儿完成了综合喂养行为问卷（CFPQ）、三因素饮食问卷的子量表和直觉性饮食量表。探索性因子分析的结果表明，母亲和女儿在回顾性报告中大多具有相似的因子结构，在最初的 12 个 CFPQ 子量表中的 4 个上，因子负荷存在差异：监测、健康限制、儿童控制和模仿。配对样本 t 检验检查了每个子量表上母亲和女儿报告的均值差异；在 11 个量表中的 6 个上，母亲和女儿报告没有显著差异。女儿报告的进食压力明显更高；母亲报告的健康实践、儿童控制、参与和不健康环境的水平明显高于女儿回忆的水平。分层回归显示，女儿对特定童年喂养行为的报告解释了未调整的不可控进食（18.8%）、情绪性进食（13.1%）、直觉性进食（14.7%）和 BMI（16.1%）的方差显著变化。同样，回归显示母亲对童年喂养行为的报告解释了未调整的情绪进食（11.5%）和 BMI（11.2%）的方差显著变化，但对不可控或直觉性进食没有显著变化。总的来说，结果强烈支持使用童年喂养的回顾性报告，并提供了证据表明回忆中的童年喂养行为与成年后的进食行为具有持久的关系。
