Shobhaben Pratapbhai Patel School of Pharmacy and Technology management, SVKM's NMIMS, V.L. Mehta Road, Vile Parle (W), Mumbai- 400056, Maharashtra, India.
Shobhaben Pratapbhai Patel School of Pharmacy and Technology management, SVKM's NMIMS, V.L. Mehta Road, Vile Parle (W), Mumbai- 400056, Maharashtra, India.
Eur J Pharm Sci. 2020 Mar 30;145:105240. doi: 10.1016/j.ejps.2020.105240. Epub 2020 Jan 24.
The very complexity of Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) makes its prognosis and management challenging. The manifestations pertaining to RA emerge in the late stage of the disease when the damage to bone and cartilage has already occurred. Therefore early diagnosis of RA becomes critical in order to avoid further complications and disabilities. In such a scenario, theranostics can be an ideal solution to tackle the barriers to disease management in RA patients. Nanotechnology has paved the way for emerging theranostics to achieve better targetability and high performance. The shortcomings of current diagnostic techniques and pharmacological treatment are addressed in this review. The article also summarizes the laboratory studies that have reported promising theranostic entities for RA diagnosis, treatment and discusses the outcomes of each. Novel platforms combined with newer techniques have found application in the theranostics of RA. These platforms include gold nanorods, nanoshells, nanowhiskers, magnetic nanoparticles, solid and mesoporous silica nanoparticles, etc. Photodynamic, chemo-photo responsive, magnetic field based imaging and simultaneous stimulation have been reported for the release of therapeutic moieties from these nanoplatform. Theranostics can also assist clinicians in determining the respondents and non-respondents to biological response modifiers and other treatments available for RA. This not only plays an important role in selecting the suitable therapy for every patient but also in monitoring the progress of treatment in the patient. The advantages of theranostics over current diagnosis and treatment for RA are tremendous. Hence it holds great opportunities for progress and enhancement of RA disease management.
类风湿关节炎（RA）的复杂性使其预后和管理具有挑战性。RA 的表现出现在疾病的晚期，此时已经发生了骨和软骨的损伤。因此，早期诊断 RA 对于避免进一步的并发症和残疾至关重要。在这种情况下，治疗诊断学可以成为解决 RA 患者疾病管理障碍的理想解决方案。纳米技术为新兴的治疗诊断学实现更好的靶向性和高性能铺平了道路。本文解决了当前诊断技术和药物治疗的缺点。本文还总结了报告 RA 诊断、治疗有前途的治疗诊断实体的实验室研究，并讨论了每一项的结果。结合新技术的新型平台已应用于 RA 的治疗诊断学中。这些平台包括金纳米棒、纳米壳、纳米线、磁性纳米颗粒、实心和介孔硅纳米颗粒等。已报道了光动力、化学光响应、基于磁场的成像和同时刺激，以从这些纳米平台中释放治疗部分。治疗诊断学还可以帮助临床医生确定生物反应调节剂和其他 RA 治疗方法的应答者和非应答者。这不仅在为每个患者选择合适的治疗方法方面发挥着重要作用，而且在监测患者治疗进展方面也发挥着重要作用。治疗诊断学与当前 RA 的诊断和治疗相比具有巨大优势。因此，它为 RA 疾病管理的进步和增强提供了巨大的机会。
