Department of Ophthalmology, Izmir Katip Celebi University, Faculty of Medicine, Izmir, Turkey.
Eye Clinic, Izmir Katip Celebi University, Ataturk Training and Research Hospital, Izmir, Turkey.
Eye (Lond). 2020 Nov;34(11):2068-2075. doi: 10.1038/s41433-020-0775-6. Epub 2020 Jan 28.
The aim of this study was to evaluate central macular thickness (CMT) and choroidal thickness (CT) in the eyes of patients with cardiovascular risk factors (CVRF).
A cross-sectional, prospective observational study of 92 patients with CVRF and 21 healthy individuals was conducted. Patients were divided into four groups according to the SCORE system. CMT was evaluated via spectral-domain-optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT). CT at five defined points (subfoveal) [SF] and nasal 500 μm [N0.5] and 1500 μm [N1.5] and 500 μm [T0.5] and temporal 1500 μm [T1.5] from the center of the fovea were measured via enhanced depth imaging (EDI)-OCT.
Mean SFCT at right eyes (RE) and left eyes (LE) were 311.21 ± 77.7 μm and 303.5 ± 49.6 μm, respectively, in patients with mild CVRF (Group 1); 266.5 ± 63.2 μm and 267.0 ± 62.6 μm, respectively, in patients with moderate CVRF (Group 2); 264.7 ± 57.5 μm and 272.3 ± 64.6 μm, respectively, in patients with high CVRF (Group 3); 272.3 ± 64.6 μm and 271.2 ± 63.4 μm, respectively, in patients with very high-risk CVRF (with coronary arterial disease (CAD) (Group 4); and 352.0 ± 74.4 μm and 363.1 ± 89.0 μm, respectively, in the control group. CT (at both eyes) was significantly lower at the subfoveal location in all study groups (P < 0.05), but at nasal and at temporal quadrants of group 3 and group 4 (P < 0.05). No significant difference in CMT was detected between the study and control groups.
This study demonstrated that CVRF might result in a remarkably thinner CT. Furthermore, subretinal drusenoid deposits were detected at a higher rate in the patients with CVRF than controls, and that rate increased in accordance with the severity of CAD. In the future, changes in CT may be used as a promising novel biomarker as part of the SCORE system prior to the development of CAD.
本研究旨在评估心血管危险因素（CVRF）患者的黄斑中心厚度（CMT）和脉络膜厚度（CT）。
对 92 例 CVRF 患者和 21 例健康对照者进行了横断面、前瞻性观察研究。患者根据 SCORE 系统分为四组。通过谱域光学相干断层扫描（SD-OCT）评估 CMT。通过增强深度成像（EDI）-OCT 测量五个特定点（中心凹下）[SF]和鼻侧 500μm[N0.5]和 1500μm[N1.5]以及颞侧 500μm[T0.5]和 1500μm[T1.5]的 CT。
在轻度 CVRF 患者（第 1 组）中，右眼（RE）和左眼（LE）的平均 SFCT 分别为 311.21±77.7μm 和 303.5±49.6μm；在中度 CVRF 患者（第 2 组）中，分别为 266.5±63.2μm 和 267.0±62.6μm；在高 CVRF 患者（第 3 组）中，分别为 264.7±57.5μm 和 272.3±64.6μm；在极高危 CVRF 患者（伴冠状动脉疾病（CAD）（第 4 组）中，分别为 272.3±64.6μm 和 271.2±63.4μm；在对照组中，分别为 352.0±74.4μm 和 363.1±89.0μm。在所有研究组中，中心凹下位置的 CT（双眼）均显著降低（P<0.05），但在第 3 组和第 4 组的鼻侧和颞侧象限中，差异具有统计学意义（P<0.05）。研究组和对照组之间的 CMT 无显著差异。
本研究表明，CVRF 可能导致 CT 显著变薄。此外，与对照组相比，CVRF 患者的脉络膜下有更多的视网膜下类脂沉积，且随着 CAD 的严重程度增加而增加。在未来，CT 的变化可能作为 CAD 发生前 SCORE 系统的一个有前途的新生物标志物。
