Sikakulya Franck Katembo, Mulisya Olivier, Munyambalu Dalton Kambale, Bunduki Gabriel Kambale
Faculty of Medicine, Université Catholique du Graben, Butembo, Congo.
Department of Surgery, Kampala International University, Western-Campus, Ishaka, Uganda.
One Health. 2019 Dec 5;9:100117. doi: 10.1016/j.onehlt.2019.100117. eCollection 2020 Jun.
The Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) is facing its tenth outbreak of Ebola virus disease (EVD), in North-Kivu and Ituri provinces. This is the second most deadly EVD outbreak in history, after the one that occurred in West Africa in 2014. The DRC Ministry of Health (MoH), supported by the World Health Organization (WHO) and a range of regional and international partners, are implementing EVD response plans in these affected areas such as screening of suspect cases at points of entry, case detection, contact tracing, laboratory testing, case management and infection prevention and control, safe and dignified burials, ring vaccination (this involves vaccination of infected individuals, direct contacts of infected individuals and contacts of their contacts), and therapeutics, community mobilization and free access to healthcare services. Despite these efforts, there has been a sharp rise in the number of confirmed cases within the identified affected areas, and due to a number of challenges unique to DRC, there has been an expansion in the geographical extent of transmission. The significance of the proximity of these regions to wildlife and the Virunga National Park is questionable in the EVD transmission dynamics. The close interaction between human, animal, and environmental factors, in combination with high population movement due to regular rebel attacks in these regions, suggest the need for the integration of the One Health approach in the holistic response plans for control and prevention of EVD. This paper seeks to highlight the implications and importance of a One Health-based approach into the infectious diseases control program implementation in DRC.
刚果民主共和国（DRC）在北基伍省和伊图里省正面临其第十次埃博拉病毒病（EVD）疫情。这是历史上第二致命的埃博拉病毒病疫情，仅次于2014年在西非发生的那次疫情。在世界卫生组织（WHO）以及一系列区域和国际伙伴的支持下，刚果民主共和国卫生部正在这些受影响地区实施埃博拉病毒病应对计划，如在入境点筛查疑似病例、病例检测、接触者追踪、实验室检测、病例管理以及感染预防与控制、安全且有尊严的埋葬、环状疫苗接种（这涉及对感染者、感染者的直接接触者及其接触者的接触者进行疫苗接种）、治疗、社区动员以及免费提供医疗服务。尽管做出了这些努力，但在已确定的受影响地区，确诊病例数量急剧上升，并且由于刚果民主共和国特有的一些挑战，传播的地理范围有所扩大。在埃博拉病毒病传播动态中，这些地区与野生动物和维龙加国家公园接近的意义尚不确定。人类、动物和环境因素之间的密切相互作用，再加上这些地区因叛军经常袭击导致的大量人口流动，表明有必要将“同一健康”方法纳入埃博拉病毒病控制和预防的整体应对计划。本文旨在强调基于“同一健康”的方法对刚果民主共和国传染病控制计划实施的影响和重要性。
