Integrated Molecular Plant Physiology Research, Department of Biology, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium.
Plant Biochemistry and Biotechnology Lab, Department of Agriculture, Hellenic Mediterranean University, Stavromenos PC, Heraklion, Crete, Greece.
J Exp Bot. 2020 Apr 23;71(8):2412-2427. doi: 10.1093/jxb/eraa048.
The main functions of plant roots are water and nutrient uptake, soil anchorage, and interaction with soil-living biota. Root hairs, single cell tubular extensions of root epidermal cells, facilitate or enhance these functions by drastically enlarging the absorptive surface. Root hair development is constantly adapted to changes in the root's surroundings, allowing for optimization of root functionality in heterogeneous soil environments. The underlying molecular pathway is the result of a complex interplay between position-dependent signalling and feedback loops. Phytohormone signalling interconnects this root hair signalling cascade with biotic and abiotic changes in the rhizosphere, enabling dynamic hormone-driven changes in root hair growth, density, length, and morphology. This review critically discusses the influence of the major plant hormones on root hair development, and how changes in rhizosphere properties impact on the latter.
植物根系的主要功能是吸收水分和养分、固定土壤以及与土壤生物相互作用。根毛是根表皮细胞的单细胞管状延伸，通过大幅增加吸收表面积来促进或增强这些功能。根毛的发育不断适应根系周围环境的变化，从而优化根系在异质土壤环境中的功能。这一过程的基础分子途径是位置依赖信号与反馈回路之间复杂相互作用的结果。植物激素信号将这一根毛信号级联与根际的生物和非生物变化相互连接，从而实现了激素驱动的根毛生长、密度、长度和形态的动态变化。本综述批判性地讨论了主要植物激素对根毛发育的影响，以及根际特性的变化如何影响后者。
