Animal Biotechnology Division, ICAR-National Bureau of Animal Genetic Resources, Karnal 132001, Haryana, India.
Biosci Rep. 2020 Feb 28;40(2). doi: 10.1042/BSR20191544.
Heat stress in hot climates is a major cause that negatively affects dairy animals, leading to substantial economic loss. The present study was aimed to analyze the effect of heat stress on cellular and molecular levels in dermal fibroblast of cattle and buffaloes. Primary fibroblast culture was established using ear pinna tissue samples of cattle (Bos indicus) and riverine buffaloes (Bubalus Bubalis). The cells were exposed to thermal stress at 42°C for 1 h and subsequently allowed to recover and harvest at 37°C at different time points (0, 2, 4, 8, 16, and 24 h) along with control samples. Different cellular parameters viz., apoptosis, proliferation, mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm), oxidative stress, along with expression pattern of heat responsive genes and miRNAs were determined. Cell viability and proliferation rate of heat-stressed fibroblasts decreased significantly (P < 0.05) albeit to a different extent in both species. The cell cytotoxicity, apoptosis, production of reactive oxygen species, and ΔΨm increased more significantly (P < 0.01) in heat stressed fibroblasts of buffalo than cattle. The pattern of heat shock proteins, inflammation/immune genes, and heat responsive miRNA showed differences in induction of their expression level in buffalo and native cattle fibroblasts. Conclusively, finding indicates that heat stress induces more profound impact on buffalo fibroblasts than native cattle fibroblasts. The differential response of cellular parameters, HSP genes, and miRNA expression could be due to better adaptive capacity of skin fibroblast of Bos indicus cattle in comparison with riverine buffaloes.
热应激在炎热气候下是一个主要的影响因素，会对奶牛产生负面影响，导致巨大的经济损失。本研究旨在分析热应激对牛和水牛皮肤成纤维细胞的细胞和分子水平的影响。使用牛（Bos indicus）和印度野牛（Bubalus Bubalis）的耳尖组织样本建立原代成纤维细胞培养。将细胞在 42°C 下暴露 1 小时，然后在不同时间点（0、2、4、8、16 和 24 小时）在 37°C 下恢复和收获，同时设置对照样本。测定了不同的细胞参数，如细胞凋亡、增殖、线粒体膜电位（ΔΨm）、氧化应激，以及热反应基因和 miRNA 的表达模式。热应激成纤维细胞的细胞活力和增殖率显著下降（P < 0.05），但在两种物种中的下降程度不同。水牛的热应激成纤维细胞的细胞毒性、细胞凋亡、活性氧产生和 ΔΨm 增加更为显著（P < 0.01）。热休克蛋白、炎症/免疫基因和热反应性 miRNA 的表达模式显示，它们在水牛和本地牛成纤维细胞中的表达水平诱导存在差异。总之，研究结果表明，热应激对水牛成纤维细胞的影响比本地牛成纤维细胞更为显著。细胞参数、HSP 基因和 miRNA 表达的差异反应可能是由于 Bos indicus 牛的皮肤成纤维细胞比印度野牛具有更好的适应能力。
