Health Management College, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China.
Center for Data Science in Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China.
PLoS One. 2020 Jan 29;15(1):e0228152. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0228152. eCollection 2020.
The psychological health (PH) of doctors affects the quality of medical service and is related to the safety of patients. The serious problems with the doctor-patient relationship in China can lead to long-term imbalances in doctor PH, and the poor PH status of doctors has raised scholars' concern. Current research mainly focuses on how factors such as social support and the impact of the residential environment correlate with individual PH. We continue this direction of research to see how the mechanism of social support impacts physician PH, also investigating the moderating effect of demographic indicators on physician PH.
Based on a survey of 399 physicians, a descriptive analysis of measured data was done using SPSS 19.0. Pearson correlation coefficient analysis was used to examine the correlations between PH and the social support rating scale (SSRS) and the demographic variables. KMO and Bartlett methods were used to examine the correlations between PH and SDS (a scale to measure depression) and between PH and SAS (a scale to measure anxiety). The method of factor analysis was used for multicollinearity tests, and multiple stepwise regression analysis was used to explore the demographic factors correlated with PH and SSRS. Two-way interactions in moderated multiple regression were used to test the moderating effect of education level and title on SSRS, SDS, and SAS.
Our results indicate that the level of PH is influenced by the age, education, and title of a doctor. A physician's title is significantly and positively correlated with PH, but age and education are significantly negatively related. Age, education, and title also affect the level of SSRS in physicians. SSRS is positively correlated with age, education, and title, and SSRS positively influences PH. Education and title had significant effects on the moderating influences of SSRS, SDS, SAS, and PH.
The factors directly affecting PH include SSRS, age, and title, while education was found to be an indirect influencing factor. To meet goals expressed in Chinese government policy related to these issues, we suggest strengthening the guidance of the media, introducing laws and regulations on doctor-patient risk management and control, reforming the review mechanism of hospital job titles, improving the education level of doctors, building a comprehensive evaluation system of "practice performance + doctor-patient satisfaction", and strengthening doctor-patient empathy. Through such measures, the level of PH in physicians will improve.
医生的心理健康（PH）影响医疗服务质量，并与患者安全相关。中国紧张的医患关系可能导致医生 PH 长期失衡，医生 PH 状况不佳引起了学者的关注。目前的研究主要集中在社会支持和居住环境影响与个体 PH 相关的因素上。我们继续沿着这一研究方向，研究社会支持的作用机制如何影响医生 PH，还调查人口统计学指标对医生 PH 的调节作用。
基于对 399 名医生的调查，使用 SPSS 19.0 对测量数据进行描述性分析。采用 Pearson 相关系数分析方法，检验 PH 与社会支持评定量表（SSRS）和人口统计学变量之间的相关性。采用 KMO 和 Bartlett 方法检验 PH 与 SDS（抑郁量表）和 PH 与 SAS（焦虑量表）之间的相关性。采用因子分析方法进行多重共线性检验，采用多元逐步回归分析方法，探讨与 PH 和 SSRS 相关的人口统计学因素。采用双向交互的调节多元回归检验教育水平和职称对 SSRS、SDS 和 SAS 的调节作用。
结果表明，PH 水平受医生年龄、教育和职称的影响。医生职称与 PH 显著正相关，而年龄和教育与 PH 显著负相关。年龄、教育和职称也影响医生的 SSRS 水平。SSRS 与年龄、教育和职称呈正相关，SSRS 对 PH 有正向影响。教育和职称对 SSRS、SDS、SAS 和 PH 的调节作用有显著影响。
直接影响 PH 的因素包括 SSRS、年龄和职称，而教育是间接影响因素。为了实现中国政府在这些问题上表达的目标，我们建议加强媒体引导，引入医患风险管理和控制法律法规，改革医院职称评审机制，提高医生教育水平，建立“实践绩效+医患满意度”的综合评价体系，加强医患共情。通过这些措施，可以提高医生的 PH 水平。
