Nonde James, Laher Abdullah Ebrahim, McDowall Jared, Adam Ahmed
Division of Emergency Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences.
Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa.
Curr Urol. 2020 Jan;13(4):179-188. doi: 10.1159/000499273. Epub 2020 Jan 7.
Various suprapubic catheter insertion simulators have been described to aid in the training of this fundamental skill. The purpose of this review was to evaluate and critically appraise all validated simulators.
The PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, Scopus, British Medical Journal and the Embase databases were searched (March 2018), by using key search terms "suprapubic trainer", "suprapubic model", "suprapubic simulation" and "suprapubic simulator".
A total of 196 articles were identified; 117 unrelated, 53 animal studies and 20 duplications. Only 6 articles met the inclusion criteria for this review. The median number of participants per study was 30.5. Material costs ranged from 1.71 to 60 dollars per model. Only 2 studies incorporated the use of ultrasound.
Despite validated suprapubic catheter insertion models being a specially needed learning resource, only few have been described-mostly for not resourceful environments. There exists a general lack of guidelines on model validation processes. There is a need to develop, appropriately validate and integrate models into training curriculum.
已有多种耻骨上膀胱造瘘管插入模拟器被用于辅助这一基本技能的培训。本综述的目的是评估并严格评价所有经过验证的模拟器。
通过使用关键词“耻骨上训练器”“耻骨上模型”“耻骨上模拟”和“耻骨上模拟器”，检索了PubMed、科学网、考克兰图书馆、Scopus、《英国医学杂志》和Embase数据库（2018年3月）。
共识别出196篇文章；117篇不相关，53篇动物研究和20篇重复文章。只有6篇文章符合本综述的纳入标准。每项研究的参与者中位数为30.5。每个模型的材料成本从1.71美元到60美元不等。只有2项研究纳入了超声的使用。
尽管经过验证的耻骨上膀胱造瘘管插入模型是特别需要的学习资源，但只有少数被描述——大多是针对资源匮乏的环境。模型验证过程普遍缺乏指导原则。有必要开发、适当验证并将模型纳入培训课程。
