Pestana Jose Vicente, Codina Nuria, Valenzuela Rafael
Department of Social Psychology and Quantitative Psychology, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
Front Psychol. 2020 Jan 10;10:2918. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2019.02918. eCollection 2019.
The purpose of the research was to analyze procrastination - a problem of time management that negatively affects the autonomy of people - in relation to leisure as a domain of everyday life. Specifically, the dynamics between leisure (activities and time invested - weekly frequency and duration of activity) and procrastination factors were studied. A sample of 185 university students (118 men and 67 women: = 20.77 years, = 2.53) answered a procrastination scale - validated for the Spanish population - which refers to four factors of procrastination (dilatory behaviors, indecision, lack of punctuality, and lack of planning) and an adaptation of the Time Budget (TB) (a table where the participants were asked to specify "the three activities that you prefer to do when you are not studying or doing a paid job"). Results show that leisure activities are associated with factors of procrastination. As a matter of fact, the different factors of procrastination were related to specific types of leisure activities, depending on the weekly frequency of the activity or its duration. In this sense, there are cases in which the greater frequency of leisure activities (hobbies and computing, social life and entertainment) seems to contain - control, inhibit - procrastination (specifically, affecting its component of indecision) variations in the weekly frequency and duration of certain type of activities result in higher or lower scores on certain factors of procrastination. In sum, the time invested in leisure can protect from or inhibit delaying tasks - which implies enhancing the autonomy of people - a deduction that opens up new lines of research to identify optimal time investments for coping with procrastination.
该研究的目的是分析拖延（一种对人们自主性产生负面影响的时间管理问题）与作为日常生活一个领域的休闲之间的关系。具体而言，研究了休闲（活动以及投入的时间——每周的活动频率和时长）与拖延因素之间的动态关系。185名大学生（118名男性和67名女性：平均年龄 = 20.77岁，标准差 = 2.53）参与了一项针对西班牙人群进行过效度验证的拖延量表测试，该量表涉及拖延的四个因素（拖延行为、犹豫不决、缺乏守时以及缺乏规划），同时还参与了时间预算（TB）的改编版本测试（在一个表格中，要求参与者指明“当你不学习或不从事有薪工作时，你更喜欢做的三项活动”）。结果表明，休闲活动与拖延因素相关。事实上，拖延的不同因素与特定类型的休闲活动有关，这取决于活动的每周频率或时长。从这个意义上说，在某些情况下，休闲活动（爱好和计算机活动、社交生活和娱乐）的较高频率似乎包含——控制、抑制——拖延（具体而言，影响其犹豫不决的成分），特定类型活动的每周频率和时长的变化会导致在某些拖延因素上得分更高或更低。总之，投入休闲的时间可以防止或抑制拖延任务——这意味着增强人们的自主性——这一推断为识别应对拖延的最佳时间投入开辟了新的研究方向。
