Hahn Hunter, Seager van Dyk Ilana, Ahn Woo-Young
Department of Psychology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States.
Department of Psychology, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea.
Front Psychol. 2020 Jan 10;10:2948. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2019.02948. eCollection 2019.
Minority stress theory posits that members of a stigmatized group, such as sexual minorities (lesbian, gay, bisexual, and other non-heterosexual individuals), are particularly subject to ill effects of minority-specific events (stressors), including overt homonegativity. Although adverse effects of homonegativity are well documented for sexual minorities, little is known about effects of witnessing homonegativity on heterosexual individuals. As a growing number of heterosexual individuals hold accepting views of sexual minority individuals, some detrimental effects of homonegativity may extend to heterosexual individuals. For example, prior studies demonstrate that when racial majority-group members witness discrimination against minority-group members, they may experience stress response, particularly if they hold positive attitudes toward the minority-group. In this experimental study, 263 heterosexual adults (age = 34.47 years, = 9.67, 51.7% female) were randomized to either witness homonegativity or to a control condition. Participants rated subjective stress on a 0-100 visual analogue scale both immediately before and after the film-based induction. Participants also completed a measure of their attitudes toward gay men and lesbian women. Moderation analyses indicated that participants who were more accepting of gay men and lesbian women experienced greater stress after the induction than those with less accepting views. Implications and limitations of these findings are discussed.
少数群体压力理论认为，受污名化群体的成员，如同性少数群体（女同性恋者、男同性恋者、双性恋者及其他非异性恋者），特别容易受到特定少数群体事件（压力源）的不良影响，包括公开的同性恋厌恶情绪。虽然同性恋厌恶情绪对性少数群体的不利影响已有充分记录，但对于目睹同性恋厌恶情绪对异性恋个体的影响却知之甚少。随着越来越多的异性恋个体对性少数群体持有接纳态度，同性恋厌恶情绪的一些有害影响可能会延伸至异性恋个体。例如，先前的研究表明，当种族多数群体成员目睹对少数群体成员的歧视时，他们可能会产生应激反应，尤其是当他们对少数群体持有积极态度时。在这项实验研究中，263名异性恋成年人（年龄 = 34.47岁，标准差 = 9.67，51.7%为女性）被随机分配，要么目睹同性恋厌恶情绪，要么处于对照条件。参与者在基于影片的诱导前后，立即在0 - 100视觉模拟量表上对主观压力进行评分。参与者还完成了一项对男同性恋者和女同性恋者态度的测量。调节分析表明，对男同性恋者和女同性恋者接受程度较高的参与者，在诱导后比接受程度较低的参与者经历了更大的压力。本文讨论了这些发现的意义和局限性。
