Santiasih Indri, Titah Harmin Sulistiyaning, Hermana Joni
1Department of Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Civil, Environmental and Geo- Engineering, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember, Keputih, Surabaya, Sukolilo 60111 Indonesia.
Department of Safety Engineering, Politeknik Perkapalan Negeri Surabaya, Keputih, Surabaya, Sukolilo 60111 Indonesia.
Toxicol Res. 2019 Dec 2;36(1):59-67. doi: 10.1007/s43188-019-00002-8. eCollection 2020 Jan.
Particulate matter (PM) inhalation exposure affects exhaled CO concentration. Such exhaled CO refers to ventilation and perfusion of the cardiorespiratory system, the analysis of which is painless, non-invasive and simple to perform. This study examined the effect of prallethrin and -phenothrin inhalation exposure on exhaled CO in mice using a simple method. Prallethrin and -phenothrin were administered in male mice () in a series of repeated inhalation exposures of lower and higher doses for 60 days. The lower dose was a mixture of 0.000141 mg/L prallethrin and 0.104 mg/L -phenothrin, while the higher dose was a mixture of 0.00141 mg/L prallethrin and 1.04 mg/L -phenothrin. The lower dose was based on a NOAEL value of prallethrin and -phenothrin of 28 days exposure, while the higher one was ten times of the lower dose concentration. CO concentration was measured by means of the passage through NaOH 0.1 N, titrated by HCl 0.1 N. PMs were generated by the process of producing bubbles, inserted into the chamber containing mice. Mice were divided into four groups, namely: negative control (NC), positive control (PC), and lower- and higher-dose treatment groups, with three replicates for each group. Statistical difference analyses were observed in body weight and exhaled CO concentration between negative control and treatment groups, nevertheless, they did not differ significantly between the control and the treatment (lower and higher dose) groups. This study suggests that exhaled CO and body weight are not specific biomarkers to observe PMs inhalation exposure with respect to prallethrin and -phenothrin mixtures.
吸入颗粒物（PM）会影响呼出的一氧化碳（CO）浓度。这种呼出的CO反映了心肺系统的通气和灌注情况，对其进行分析无痛、无创且操作简单。本研究采用一种简单方法，检测了苄呋菊酯和苯醚菊酯吸入暴露对小鼠呼出CO的影响。对雄性小鼠进行了一系列低剂量和高剂量的重复吸入暴露，持续60天，给予苄呋菊酯和苯醚菊酯。低剂量为0.000141mg/L苄呋菊酯与0.104mg/L苯醚菊酯的混合物，高剂量为0.00141mg/L苄呋菊酯与1.04mg/L苯醚菊酯的混合物。低剂量基于苄呋菊酯和苯醚菊酯28天暴露的无观察到有害作用水平（NOAEL）值，而高剂量是低剂量浓度的10倍。通过让气体通过0.1N的NaOH，然后用0.1N的HCl滴定来测量CO浓度。通过产生气泡的过程生成颗粒物，并将其放入装有小鼠的实验箱中。小鼠分为四组，即阴性对照组（NC）、阳性对照组（PC）以及低剂量和高剂量处理组，每组有三个重复。观察到阴性对照组与处理组之间在体重和呼出CO浓度上存在统计学差异，但对照组与处理组（低剂量和高剂量）之间无显著差异。本研究表明，就苄呋菊酯和苯醚菊酯混合物而言，呼出的CO和体重并非观察PM吸入暴露的特异性生物标志物。
