Int J Sports Physiol Perform. 2020 May 1;15(5):685-689. doi: 10.1123/ijspp.2019-0539.
To characterize, for the first time, the mechanical properties of treadmill surfaces along with a practical interpretation of their influence on physiological and perceived demands during endurance running compared with other widely used surfaces such as asphalt and tartan tracks.
Ten experienced male endurance runners performed a 40-minute running bout at a preferred constant speed on 3 different surfaces (after a randomized, counterbalanced order with a 7-d interval between trials): asphalt, tartan, or treadmill. Shock absorption, vertical deformation, and energy restitution were measured for the 3 surfaces. Intensity (based on heart rate data) and rating of perceived exertion were monitored.
The values of shock absorption averaged 0.0% (asphalt), 37.4% (tartan), and 71.3% (treadmill), while those of vertical deformation and energy restitution averaged 0.3, 2.2, and 6.5 mm and 90.8%, 62.6%, and 37.0%, respectively. Running intensity (as determined by heart rate data) was higher overall on the treadmill than tartan but not asphalt running. Except for the first 10 minutes, all mean rating of perceived exertion values were significantly higher in asphalt and treadmill than in tartan. No significant differences were identified between treadmill and asphalt.
The considerably higher shock absorption of the treadmill than the tartan surface leads to a reduction in the amount of energy returned to the athlete, which in turn increases physiological stress and rating of perceived exertion during endurance running.
首次描述跑步机表面的力学性能，并结合其他常用表面（如沥青和格丁尼跑道），实际解释其对耐力跑时生理和感知需求的影响。
10 名有经验的男性耐力跑者以各自的最佳恒定速度在 3 种不同表面（采用随机、平衡的顺序，试验之间间隔 7 天）上进行了 40 分钟的跑步：沥青、格丁尼或跑步机。测量了 3 种表面的减震、垂直变形和能量恢复。监测强度（基于心率数据）和感知运动强度。
减震的平均值为 0.0%（沥青）、37.4%（格丁尼）和 71.3%（跑步机），而垂直变形和能量恢复的平均值分别为 0.3、2.2 和 6.5 毫米和 90.8%、62.6%和 37.0%。跑步机跑步的心率数据显示整体运动强度高于格丁尼跑道，但低于沥青跑道。除前 10 分钟外，沥青和跑步机的所有平均感知运动强度值均显著高于格丁尼。跑步机和沥青之间未发现显著差异。
跑步机的减震效果明显高于格丁尼表面，导致返回运动员的能量减少，从而增加耐力跑时的生理压力和感知运动强度。
