Ocansey Dickson Kofi Wiredu, Pei Bing, Yan Yongmin, Qian Hui, Zhang Xu, Xu Wenrong, Mao Fei
Key Laboratory of Medical Science and Laboratory Medicine of Jiangsu Province, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang, 212013, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China.
Directorate of University Health Services, University of Cape Coast, Cape Coast, Ghana.
J Transl Med. 2020 Jan 30;18(1):42. doi: 10.1186/s12967-020-02234-x.
Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) have attracted intense interest due to their powerful intrinsic properties of self-regeneration, immunomodulation and multi-potency, as well as being readily available and easy to isolate and culture. Notwithstanding, MSC based therapy suffers reduced efficacy due to several challenges which include unfavorable microenvironmental factors in vitro and in vivo. BODY: In the quest to circumvent these challenges, several modification techniques have been applied to the naïve MSC to improve its inherent therapeutic properties. These modification approaches can be broadly divided into two groups to include genetic modification and preconditioning modification (using drugs, growth factors and other molecules). This field has witnessed great progress and continues to gather interest and novelty. We review these innovative approaches in not only maintaining, but also enhancing the inherent biological activities and therapeutics of MSCs with respect to migration, homing to target site, adhesion, survival and reduced premature senescence. We discuss the application of the improved modified MSC in some selected human diseases. Possible ways of yet better enhancing the therapeutic outcome and overcoming challenges of MSC modification in the future are also elaborated.
The importance of prosurvival and promigratory abilities of MSCs in their therapeutic applications can never be overemphasized. These abilities are maintained and even further enhanced via MSC modifications against the inhospitable microenvironment during culture and transplantation. This is a turning point in MSC-based therapy with promising preclinical studies and higher future prospect.
间充质基质细胞（MSCs）因其强大的自我再生、免疫调节和多能性等内在特性，以及易于获取、分离和培养，而引起了广泛关注。尽管如此，基于MSCs的治疗由于包括体外和体内不利的微环境因素在内的若干挑战而疗效降低。
为了克服这些挑战，人们对原始MSCs应用了多种修饰技术以改善其固有的治疗特性。这些修饰方法大致可分为两类，包括基因修饰和预处理修饰（使用药物、生长因子和其他分子）。该领域已取得了巨大进展，并持续引发关注和创新。我们综述这些创新方法，不仅涉及维持，还包括增强MSCs在迁移、归巢至靶位点、黏附、存活及减少过早衰老方面的固有生物学活性和治疗作用。我们讨论了改良后的MSCs在某些特定人类疾病中的应用。还阐述了未来进一步提高治疗效果及克服MSCs修饰挑战的可能方法。
MSCs的促存活和促迁移能力在其治疗应用中的重要性无论如何强调都不为过。通过针对培养和移植过程中恶劣微环境对MSCs进行修饰，这些能力得以维持甚至进一步增强。这是基于MSCs治疗的一个转折点，具有前景广阔的临床前研究和更高的未来展望。
