Lee Dongyun, Yu Eun-Seung, Kim Nam Hee
Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Republic of Korea.
Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Science, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Republic of Korea.
Eur J Psychotraumatol. 2020 Jan 9;11(1):1704563. doi: 10.1080/20008198.2019.1704563. eCollection 2020.
: Results on the association between posttraumatic stress symptoms (PTSS) and posttraumatic growth (PTG) are inconsistent, and there may be unknown factors mediating or moderating this relationship. Identifying these factors could help in developing an intervention strategy for promoting PTG. However, few studies have examined relationships among PTSS, resilience, and PTG concurrently, and no study has investigated the effect of childhood trauma on these relationships in adulthood. : The aim of this study was to examine the moderated mediating effect of childhood trauma on resilience and its associations with PTSS and PTG in adult victims of traumatic accidents or crimes. We hypothesized that resilience would mediate relationships between PTSS and PTG and that its mediating effects would differ depending on childhood trauma. : We included adult victims of accidents or crimes referred to a university hospital or specialized support centre (n = 143). PTSS, resilience, childhood trauma, and PTG were measured with the following questionnaires: PTSD Checklist for DSM-5, Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale, Adverse Childhood Experiences Questionnaire, and the Short Form of the Posttraumatic Growth Inventory, respectively. : The effect of PTSS on PTG was found to be fully mediated by resilience, and this mediating effect was moderated according to childhood trauma: the more childhood traumatic experiences, the greater the mediating effect of resilience was between PTSS and PTG. The effect of resilience on PTG was highest in the high childhood trauma group. : Therapists treating individuals with psychological trauma should attempt to identify a history of childhood trauma and to evaluate resilience. Therapeutic approaches tailored according thereto may improve PTG among individuals with PTSS symptoms, especially those with high levels of childhood trauma.
创伤后应激症状（PTSS）与创伤后成长（PTG）之间的关联结果并不一致，可能存在未知因素介导或调节这种关系。识别这些因素有助于制定促进PTG的干预策略。然而，很少有研究同时考察PTSS、心理韧性和PTG之间的关系，且尚无研究调查童年创伤对成年期这些关系的影响。
本研究的目的是考察童年创伤对心理韧性的调节中介作用及其与创伤事故或犯罪成年受害者的PTSS和PTG的关联。我们假设心理韧性将介导PTSS与PTG之间的关系，且其介导效应会因童年创伤而有所不同。
我们纳入了转至大学医院或专门支持中心的事故或犯罪成年受害者（n = 143）。分别使用以下问卷测量PTSS、心理韧性、童年创伤和PTG：《精神疾病诊断与统计手册》第5版创伤后应激障碍检查表、康纳-戴维森心理韧性量表、童年不良经历问卷以及创伤后成长问卷简版。
结果发现，PTSS对PTG的影响完全由心理韧性介导，且这种介导效应根据童年创伤进行调节：童年创伤经历越多，心理韧性在PTSS与PTG之间的介导效应越大。在童年创伤程度高的组中，心理韧性对PTG的影响最大。
治疗心理创伤患者的治疗师应尝试识别童年创伤史并评估心理韧性。据此量身定制的治疗方法可能会改善有PTSS症状的个体的PTG，尤其是童年创伤程度高的个体。
