Schäfer S K, Becker N, King L, Horsch A, Michael T
Division of Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Department of Psychology, Saarland University, Saarbrücken, Germany.
Individual Differences & Psychodiagnostics, Department of Psychology, Saarland University, Saarbrücken, Germany.
Eur J Psychotraumatol. 2019 Jan 17;10(1):1562839. doi: 10.1080/20008198.2018.1562839. eCollection 2019.
: Antonovsky's concept of sense of coherence (SOC) - as a global orientation reflecting an individual's feeling of confidence in both the predictability of their internal and external environment and their ability to cope with stressful and challenging situations in life - shows a negative association with symptoms of post-traumatic stress. However, single studies varying in study characteristics provide heterogeneous effect size estimations. : The purpose of the current study is to investigate the relationship between SOC and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptom severity for the first time on a meta-analytical level. : The random-effects meta-analysis is based on zero-order correlations () and consists of 47 independent samples out of 45 studies ( = 10,883). : After correcting for sampling error, the mean correlation between SOC and PTSD symptoms was () = -.41 (excluding four outliers: -.39). However, this effect could not be generalized to all types of PTSD samples owing to substantial remaining heterogeneity. Subsequent moderator analyses investigating the influence of different SOC and PTSD measures, trauma type and duration, mean age and gender imbalances per sample did not reveal significant moderating effects. : The meta-analysis reveals a substantial correlation between SOC and PTSD symptom severity: higher SOC levels are associated with lower symptom severity. Thus, future research should progress to the question of whether the relationship between SOC and post-traumatic stress is causal, and by which factors it is moderated. : CD, Cook's distance; DSM, Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders; (G)RR, general (and specific) resistance resources; IES(-R), Impact of Event Scale (Revised); PDS, Posttraumatic Stress Diagnostic Scale; PRISMA, Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses; PTSD, post-traumatic stress disorder; SDR, standard deleted residual; SOC, sense of coherence; SOC-R, Sense of Coherence Scale - Revised.
安东诺夫斯基的连贯感概念（SOC）——作为一种整体取向，反映个体对其内部和外部环境可预测性以及应对生活中压力和挑战情况能力的信心感受——与创伤后应激症状呈负相关。然而，研究特征各异的单项研究提供了异质性的效应量估计。：本研究的目的是首次在元分析层面调查连贯感与创伤后应激障碍（PTSD）症状严重程度之间的关系。：随机效应元分析基于零阶相关性（），由45项研究中的47个独立样本组成（=10,883）。：校正抽样误差后，连贯感与PTSD症状之间的平均相关性为（）=-0.41（排除四个异常值：-0.39）。然而，由于仍存在大量异质性，这种效应不能推广到所有类型的PTSD样本。随后的调节因素分析调查了不同的连贯感和PTSD测量方法、创伤类型和持续时间、平均年龄以及每个样本的性别失衡情况，未发现显著的调节效应。：元分析揭示了连贯感与PTSD症状严重程度之间存在显著相关性：较高的连贯感水平与较低的症状严重程度相关。因此，未来的研究应进一步探讨连贯感与创伤后应激之间的关系是否具有因果性，以及由哪些因素调节。：CD，库克距离；DSM，《精神障碍诊断与统计手册》；（G）RR，一般（和特定）抵抗资源；IES（-R），事件影响量表（修订版）；PDS，创伤后应激诊断量表；PRISMA，系统评价和元分析的首选报告项目；PTSD，创伤后应激障碍；SDR，标准删除残差；SOC，连贯感；SOC-R，连贯感量表 - 修订版。
