Department of Cell Biology and Neuroscience, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ, 08854, USA.
Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ, 08854, USA.
Brain Struct Funct. 2020 Mar;225(2):467-480. doi: 10.1007/s00429-019-02001-9. Epub 2020 Jan 31.
Fundamental aspects of brain function, including development, plasticity, learning, and memory, can take place over time scales of days to years. Chronic in vivo imaging of neural activity with cellular resolution is a powerful method for tracking the long-term activity of neural circuits. We review recent advances in our understanding of neural circuit function from diverse brain regions that have been enabled by chronic in vivo cellular imaging. Insight into the neural basis of learning and decision-making, in particular, benefit from the ability to acquire longitudinal data from genetically identified neuronal populations, deep brain areas, and subcellular structures. We propose that combining chronic imaging with further experimental and computational innovations will advance our understanding of the neural circuit mechanisms of brain function.
大脑功能的基本方面，包括发育、可塑性、学习和记忆，可以在数天到数年的时间尺度上发生。用细胞分辨率进行慢性体内神经活动成像，是追踪神经回路长期活动的有力方法。我们综述了最近在利用慢性体内细胞成像来理解不同脑区的神经回路功能方面的进展。特别是，通过从遗传鉴定的神经元群体、深部脑区和亚细胞结构获取纵向数据，有助于深入了解学习和决策的神经基础。我们提出，将慢性成像与进一步的实验和计算创新相结合，将推进我们对大脑功能的神经回路机制的理解。
