Department of Pathobiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran.
Department of Infectious Diseases and Public Health, Jockey Club College of Veterinary Medicine and Life Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR.
Vet Parasitol. 2020 Feb;278:109030. doi: 10.1016/j.vetpar.2020.109030. Epub 2020 Jan 27.
This study aimed to assess in vitro acaricidal activity of essential oil (EO) and alcoholic extracts (AE) of Ajowan against D. gallinae. Using contact and spraying bioassays, different doses of EO and AE were tested. Cypermethrin and thymol (positive controls), and ethanol and distilled water (negative controls) were also tested. The results indicated that effects were method and dose dependent. Statistical analysis showed a highly significant difference for contact and spraying bioassays and various doses of EO and AE (p < 0.0001) as, the spraying method was more effective than the contact method for acaricidal activity at 24 h post treatment (PT). In this method, Cypermethrin, EO and thymol caused over 90 % mite mortality at 50 μgcm, while AE caused this rate at 150 μgcm. In the contact bioassay, all tests produced low mortality rates except for Cypermethrin. Thymol was the main constituent of EO (Area = 42.26 %) and AE (Area = 45.8 %). Results of the present study indicated that Ajowan had a satisfactory acaricidal effect against D. gallinae in vitro. It was also found that the spraying method could be used to control the D. gallinae as the most appropriate method.
本研究旨在评估孜然精油（EO）和醇提物（AE）对鸡皮刺螨的体外杀螨活性。采用接触和喷雾生物测定法，测试了不同剂量的 EO 和 AE。还测试了氯菊酯和百里酚（阳性对照）以及乙醇和蒸馏水（阴性对照）。结果表明，效果与方法和剂量有关。接触和喷雾生物测定以及 EO 和 AE 的各种剂量的统计分析表明存在高度显著差异（p < 0.0001），与接触法相比，在处理后 24 小时（PT）喷雾法对杀螨活性更有效。在这种方法中，氯菊酯、EO 和百里酚在 50 μgcm 时导致超过 90%的螨虫死亡，而 AE 在 150 μgcm 时导致这种死亡率。在接触生物测定中，除氯菊酯外，所有测试的死亡率都较低。百里酚是 EO（面积=42.26%）和 AE（面积=45.8%）的主要成分。本研究结果表明，孜然对鸡皮刺螨具有令人满意的体外杀螨效果。还发现喷雾法可用于控制鸡皮刺螨，是最合适的方法。
