医学生的坚毅与部分人格特质的关系。
The relationship between grit and selected personality measures in medical students.
机构信息
Department of Surgery, Sidney Kimmel Medical College at Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.
Asano-Gonnella Center for Research in Medical Education and Health Care, Sidney Kimmel Medical College at Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.
出版信息
Int J Med Educ. 2020 Jan 30;11:25-30. doi: 10.5116/ijme.5e01.f32d.
OBJECTIVES
To test the hypothesis that scores on a Grit scale are positively associated with personality measures that are conducive to relationship building (Empathy, Self-Esteem, Activity, and Sociability), but inversely associated with personality measures that are detrimental to interpersonal relationships (Neuroticism-Anxiety, Aggression-Hostility, Impulsive Sensation Seeking, and Loneliness).
METHODS
Convenient sampling was used that included 241 medical students at Sidney Kimmel Medical College at Thomas Jefferson University who participated in this ex post facto research. Validated instruments were used to measure Grit, Empathy, Self-Esteem, Activity, Sociability, Neuroticism-Anxiety, Aggression-Hostility, Impulsive Sensation Seeking, and Loneliness. Bivariate correlations and multivariate regression were used to examine relationships between scores on the Grit scale and personality measures.
RESULTS
Results of bivariate correlational analyses showed that scores on the Grit scale were positively and significantly (p<0.01) correlated with measures of Self-Esteem (r=0.35), Empathy (r=0.26), and Activity (r=0.17); but negatively and significantly (p<0.01) correlated with measures of Loneliness (r=-0.28), Aggression-Hostility (r=-0.23), Neuroticism-Anxiety (r=-0.22), and Impulsive Sensation Seeking (r=-0.18). Regression analysis indicated that in a multivariate model, higher scores on Self-Esteem and Empathy and lower scores on Aggression-Hostility were uniquely and significantly associated with Grit scores (R=0.43, p<0.01).
CONCLUSIONS
Research hypothesis was partially confirmed, suggesting that medical students with higher Grit scores were likely to have higher empathic orientation in patient care and greater Self-Esteem. Conversely, those with higher degrees of Grit displayed lower levels of Aggression-Hostility and Impulsive Sensation Seeking. The Implications of these findings for medical education are discussed.
目的
验证这样一个假设，即坚毅量表的得分与有利于建立人际关系的人格测量指标呈正相关（同理心、自尊、活力和社交能力），但与不利于人际关系的人格测量指标呈负相关（神经质-焦虑、攻击性-敌意、冲动寻求感觉和孤独感）。
方法
采用便利抽样法，包括托马斯杰斐逊大学西德尼金梅尔医学院的 241 名医学生参加了这项事后研究。使用经过验证的工具来衡量坚毅、同理心、自尊、活力、社交能力、神经质-焦虑、攻击性-敌意、冲动寻求感觉和孤独感。使用双变量相关性和多元回归分析来检查坚毅量表得分与人格测量之间的关系。
结果
双变量相关分析的结果表明，坚毅量表的得分与自尊（r=0.35）、同理心（r=0.26）和活力（r=0.17）的测量呈显著正相关（p<0.01）；但与孤独感（r=-0.28）、攻击性-敌意（r=-0.23）、神经质-焦虑（r=-0.22）和冲动寻求感觉（r=-0.18）的测量呈显著负相关（p<0.01）。回归分析表明，在多元模型中，较高的自尊和同理心得分以及较低的攻击性-敌意得分与坚毅得分显著相关（R=0.43，p<0.01）。
结论
研究假设部分得到验证，表明具有较高坚毅得分的医学生在患者护理中可能具有更高的同理心倾向和更高的自尊。相反，那些具有较高坚毅程度的人表现出较低的攻击性-敌意和冲动寻求感觉。讨论了这些发现对医学教育的意义。
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