Departamento de Veterinária, Laboratório de Parasitologia e Doenças Parasitárias, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brasil.
Parasitology. 2020 May;147(6):699-705. doi: 10.1017/S0031182020000098. Epub 2020 Feb 3.
Cattle production in extensive systems favours the occurrence of gastrointestinal nematodes, and the use of nematophagous fungi complements the control strategies for these nematodes. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of the fungi Arthrobotrys cladodes and Pochonia chlamydosporia in the biological control of gastrointestinal parasitic nematodes in grazing cattle. Twenty-four calves were randomly divided into four groups and allocated to independent paddocks from February 2018 to January 2019. In the first group, the animals received pellets containing P. chlamydosporia. In the second group, the animals received pellets containing A. cladodes. In the third group, the animals received pellets containing a combination of the fungi A. cladodes and P. chlamydosporia. In the control group, the animals received pellets without fungus. The combined use of A. cladodes and P. chlamydosporia showed greater efficacy in the biological control of bovine gastrointestinal parasitic nematodes than the same fungi used separately. The parasite load was lower and weight gain was greater (P ⩽ 0.05) in the groups of cattle treated with nematophagous fungi. Therefore, the use of A. cladodes and P. chlamydosporia is promising in the biological control of nematodiosis in cattle.
在粗放系统中饲养牛有利于胃肠道线虫的发生，而利用捕食性真菌来补充这些线虫的控制策略。本研究的目的是评估真菌节丛孢和厚垣轮枝孢在放牧牛胃肠道寄生线虫生物防治中的有效性。24 头小牛被随机分为四组，并从 2018 年 2 月到 2019 年 1 月分配到独立的围场中。在第一组中，动物接受含有厚垣轮枝孢的颗粒。在第二组中，动物接受含有节丛孢的颗粒。在第三组中，动物接受含有节丛孢和厚垣轮枝孢的真菌混合物的颗粒。在对照组中，动物接受不含真菌的颗粒。节丛孢和厚垣轮枝孢的联合使用在控制牛胃肠道寄生线虫方面比单独使用相同的真菌具有更高的功效。用捕食性真菌处理的牛的寄生虫负荷较低，体重增加较大（P ⩽ 0.05）。因此，节丛孢和厚垣轮枝孢的使用在牛的线虫病生物防治中具有广阔的前景。
