Frigout Jérôme, Tasseel-Ponche Sophie, Delafontaine Arnaud
I3SP Laboratory, Department of Sports Science and Physical Education, Paris Descartes University, Paris, France.
Médecine Physique et de Réadaptation, CHU Amiens-Picardie, Amiens, France.
Front Psychol. 2020 Jan 17;10:3025. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2019.03025. eCollection 2019.
Karate will be included in the 2020 Summer Olympics in Tokyo as an additional sport. The inner logic of this activity includes a specific scoring system and way of modeling. Three hundred and nine bouts were observed in the competition context, which resulted in new perspectives on training and competition. The scoring of punches (43.7% of total scored points) and face kicks (37.9%) appears to be more significant ( ≤ 0.01) than that of body kicks (15.3%, ≤ 0.01) and leg-sweeping (3.1%, = 0.31). Penalties appear to be very significant and associated with victory when "scored" by the competitor against himself or herself ( ≤ 0.01). Competitors must score points and penalties. This zero-sum game induces a simple rivalry, whose purpose is domination and which must rely on a predefined strategy and initiative. Karatekas have to make decisions, such as when taking the risk to score points and penalties, whether or not they lead the score. Karatekas may decide to expose or protect themselves, create situations, or simply remain realistic and adhere to the plan. The question of decision making, which is central to this work, forces us to focus our future work on the notions of expectations and self-fulfilling prophecies.
空手道将作为一项新增项目被纳入2020年东京夏季奥运会。这项活动的内在逻辑包括特定的计分系统和模式构建方式。在比赛环境中观察了309场比赛,这为训练和比赛带来了新的视角。拳法得分(占总得分的43.7%)和面部踢击得分(37.9%)似乎比身体踢击得分(15.3%,P≤0.01)和扫腿得分(3.1%,P = 0.31)更具显著性。当运动员自己“获得”犯规罚分(P≤0.01)时,犯规罚分似乎非常显著且与胜利相关。运动员必须得分和获得犯规罚分。这种零和博弈引发了一种简单的竞争,其目的是主导,并且必须依靠预先确定的策略和主动性。空手道运动员必须做出决策,例如何时冒险得分和获得犯规罚分,是否领先比分。空手道运动员可能决定暴露或保护自己、创造局面,或者只是保持现实并坚持计划。决策问题是这项工作的核心,它迫使我们将未来的工作重点放在期望和自我实现预言的概念上。