Supply Chain Optimisation for an Ultrasound-Organosolv Lignocellulosic Biorefinery: Impact of Technology Choices.

Conversion of lignocellulose to value-added products is normally focussed on fuel production via ethanol or heat. In this work, a techno-economic assessment of a biorefinery with three product streams, cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin is presented. Moreover, the techno-economic assessment is evaluated in the context of the supply chain through optimisation. A mixed integer linear program was developed to allow for flexible scenarios in order to determine effects of technological and pre-processing variations on the supply chain. The techno-economic and optimisation model integration was demonstrated on a case study in Scotland using woody biomass, either as sawnlogs or sawmill chips. It was established that sawmill chips is the preferred option, however sawnlogs became competitive once passive drying to 30% moisture content (wet basis) was considered. The flexibility of the modelling approach allowed for consideration of technology savings in the context of the supply chain, which can impact development choices.