Department of Molecular Science and Technology, Ajou University, Suwon 16499, Korea.
Genes (Basel). 2020 Jan 27;11(2):131. doi: 10.3390/genes11020131.
Inflammasomes are intracellular multiprotein complexes in the cytoplasm that regulate inflammation activation in the innate immune system in response to pathogens and to host self-derived molecules. Recent advances greatly improved our understanding of the activation of nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-like receptor (NLR) family pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasomes at the molecular level. The NLRP3 belongs to the subfamily of NLRP which activates caspase 1, thus causing the production of proinflammatory cytokines (interleukin 1β and interleukin 18) and pyroptosis. This inflammasome is involved in multiple neurodegenerative and metabolic disorders including Alzheimer's disease, multiple sclerosis, type 2 diabetes mellitus, and gout. Therefore, therapeutic targeting to the NLRP3 inflammasome complex is a promising way to treat these diseases. Recent research advances paved the way toward drug research and development using a variety of machine learning-based and artificial intelligence-based approaches. These state-of-the-art approaches will lead to the discovery of better drugs after the training of such a system.
炎症小体是细胞质中细胞内的多蛋白复合物，可在固有免疫系统中响应病原体和宿主自身衍生的分子激活炎症。最近的研究进展极大地提高了我们对核苷酸结合寡聚结构域样受体（NLR）家族富含 pyrin 域 3（NLRP3）炎症小体在分子水平上的激活的理解。NLRP3 属于 NLRP 亚家族，可激活半胱天冬酶 1，从而导致促炎细胞因子（白细胞介素 1β 和白细胞介素 18）和细胞焦亡的产生。该炎症小体参与多种神经退行性和代谢疾病，包括阿尔茨海默病、多发性硬化症、2 型糖尿病和痛风。因此，针对 NLRP3 炎症小体复合物的治疗靶向是治疗这些疾病的一种有前途的方法。最近的研究进展为使用各种基于机器学习和人工智能的方法进行药物研究和开发铺平了道路。在训练这样的系统后，这些最先进的方法将导致更好的药物的发现。
