Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 733 N Broadway, Baltimore, MD 21205, United States; Department of Mental Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, 615 N Wolfe St, Baltimore, MD 21205, United States.
Department of Preventive Intervention for Psychiatric Disorders, National Institute of Mental Health, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, 4-1-1 Ogawahigashicho, Kodaira, Tokyo 1878553, Japan.
Schizophr Res. 2020 Apr;218:146-150. doi: 10.1016/j.schres.2020.01.018. Epub 2020 Jan 31.
Increased loneliness has been associated with common mental disorders including psychotic disorders. However, as yet, little information is available on the association between loneliness and the occurrence of psychotic experiences (PEs), especially when adjusted for confounding factors. To address this deficit, the current study examined the relationship between PEs and loneliness in a general population sample in the United States (N = 974). We fitted three regression models to examine the associations between loneliness and PEs, using hierarchical adjustments for sociodemographic factors, adverse childhood experiences, and common mental disorders. Even at the highest level of adjustment, loneliness was significantly associated with increased odds for any PEs (OR = 1.25, 95% CI = 1.13-1.39). The same applied to the association between loneliness and delusional mood (OR = 1.29, 95% CI = 1.15-1.44). For delusion of reference and persecution, delusions of control, and hallucinations, there were no significant associations when adjusted for sociodemographic factors, adverse childhood experiences, and common mental disorders. These results suggest that increased loneliness is associated with PEs, particularly delusional mood. Future studies should employ longitudinal data and biological measures to examine potential causal relationships and underlying mechanisms.
孤独感增加与常见精神障碍有关，包括精神病障碍。然而，目前关于孤独感与精神病体验（PE）发生之间的关系的信息很少，特别是在调整混杂因素之后。为了解决这一不足，本研究在美国的一般人群样本中（N=974）检查了 PE 与孤独感之间的关系。我们使用分层调整社会人口因素、儿童期不良经历和常见精神障碍，拟合了三个回归模型来检验孤独感与 PE 之间的关联。即使在最高调整水平下，孤独感与任何 PE 的发生几率增加显著相关（OR=1.25，95%CI=1.13-1.39）。孤独感与妄想心境之间的关联也是如此（OR=1.29，95%CI=1.15-1.44）。对于关系妄想、被害妄想、控制妄想和幻觉，在调整社会人口因素、儿童期不良经历和常见精神障碍后，没有显著关联。这些结果表明，孤独感增加与 PE 有关，特别是妄想心境。未来的研究应该使用纵向数据和生物学指标来检验潜在的因果关系和潜在机制。
