Department of Mental Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, 615 N Wolfe St, Baltimore, MD 21205, United States.
Graduate School of Social Service, Fordham University, 113 W 60th St, New York, NY 10023, United States.
Schizophr Res. 2020 Feb;216:316-321. doi: 10.1016/j.schres.2019.11.036. Epub 2019 Nov 29.
Social stress caused by the neighborhood environment may be a risk factor for psychotic experiences (PEs). However, little information is available on the effect of the perception of the neighborhood in relation to PEs. In a general population study in the United States (N = 974), we examined the relationship between PEs and neighborhood disruption/gentrification. When adjusted for age, sex, race, income, nativity, city, marital status, and common mental disorders, higher disruption scores were significantly associated with higher odds for any PE (odds ratio = 1.09, 95% CI = 1.05-1.12). The same pattern of associations was observed for individual PEs including delusional mood, delusion of reference and persecution, delusion of control, and hallucination. This study suggests that subjectively perceived neighborhood change may be a factor contributing to the occurrence of PEs. There was no significant relationship between PE and gentrification. Having a low income and racial minority status did not modify this association. Future studies can employ comparative longitudinal analyses of individuals/neighborhoods/cities, geographical information systems, and ethnography, to examine the impact of neighborhood change on mental health.
社会环境引起的社交压力可能是出现精神病性体验（PE）的一个风险因素。然而，目前有关感知邻里环境与 PE 之间关系的信息有限。在美国的一项普通人群研究（N=974）中，我们研究了 PE 与邻里破坏/高档化之间的关系。在校正年龄、性别、种族、收入、出生地、城市、婚姻状况和常见精神障碍后，较高的破坏程度评分与任何 PE 的更高几率显著相关（比值比=1.09，95%可信区间=1.05-1.12）。对于包括妄想心境、关系妄想和被害妄想、控制妄想和幻觉在内的个体 PE，也观察到了相同的关联模式。这项研究表明，主观感知到的邻里变化可能是导致 PE 发生的一个因素。PE 与高档化之间没有显著关系。收入低和少数族裔地位并没有改变这种关联。未来的研究可以采用个体/邻里/城市的比较纵向分析、地理信息系统和民族志，来研究邻里变化对心理健康的影响。
