Department of Behavioral Medicine, National Institute of Mental Health, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Tokyo, Japan.
Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Deu, Universitat de Barcelona, Fundacio Sant Joan de Deu, Dr Antoni Pujadas, CIBERSAM, Barcelona, Spain; ICREA, Pg. Lluis Companys 23, Barcelona, Spain.
Schizophr Res. 2022 May;243:112-117. doi: 10.1016/j.schres.2022.02.038. Epub 2022 Mar 5.
Incarceration of individuals with mental disorders is an important public health topic. While incarceration appears to be associated with schizophrenia and related psychotic disorders, to the best of our knowledge, no study has examined the association between incarceration and psychotic experiences (PEs). The present study aimed to examine whether individuals with PEs had higher odds of incarceration among a general population sample using data from Baltimore and New York City (N = 974). We fitted three regression models to examine the association between incarceration and PEs, using hierarchical adjustments for sociodemographic factors, adverse childhood experiences, and neighborhood disruption. The odds ratio (OR) for incarceration was attenuated with inclusion of more covariates in the model but remained statistically significant even at the highest level of adjustment (OR = 2.12, 95% CI = 1.30 to 3.46). Findings were similar when individually examining delusional mood, delusions of reference and persecution, and hallucination. For delusions of control, a significant association was not found in the highest level of adjustment. The present study provides novel information on the association between incarceration and PEs, adjusted for sociodemographic and psychosocial confounders. Taken in the context of prior studies, these data further support the need to address the high prevalence of psychosis across all aspects of the criminal justice system. Future studies should employ longitudinal data and objective outcome measurements.
监禁精神障碍患者是一个重要的公共卫生议题。虽然监禁似乎与精神分裂症和相关的精神病性障碍有关，但据我们所知，尚无研究探讨监禁与精神病性体验（PE）之间的关联。本研究旨在使用巴尔的摩和纽约市的数据（N=974），在一般人群样本中检验有 PEs 的个体被监禁的可能性是否更高。我们使用分层调整社会人口因素、不良童年经历和邻里破坏的方法，拟合了三个回归模型来检验监禁与 PEs 之间的关联。尽管在最高调整水平时，纳入更多协变量会削弱监禁的比值比（OR），但它仍然具有统计学意义（OR=2.12，95%CI=1.30 至 3.46）。当单独检查妄想心境、关系妄想和被害妄想以及幻觉时，结果相似。对于控制妄想，在最高调整水平时，未发现显著关联。本研究提供了关于监禁与 PEs 之间关联的新信息，调整了社会人口和心理社会混杂因素。结合先前的研究，这些数据进一步支持需要解决整个刑事司法系统中精神病的高患病率问题。未来的研究应使用纵向数据和客观结果测量。
