Department of Neurology, Radboud Univerisity Medical Centre, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Centre for Neuroscience, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
Department of Neurology, Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland.
J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 2020 Apr;91(4):411-417. doi: 10.1136/jnnp-2019-322424. Epub 2020 Feb 3.
Ischaemic stroke at young age is an increasing problem in both developing and developed countries due to rising incidence, high morbidity and mortality and long-term psychological, physical and social consequences. Compared with stroke in older adults, stroke in young adults is more heterogeneous due to the wide variety of possible underlying risk factors and aetiologies. In this review, we will provide an overview of the global variation in the epidemiology of stroke in young adults, with special attention to differences in geography, ethnicity/race and sex, as well as traditional and novel risk factors for early-onset ischaemic stroke, such as air pollution. Understanding global differences is an important prerequisite for better region-specific prevention and treatment of this devastating condition.
年轻患者发生缺血性脑卒中在发展中国家和发达国家都是一个日益严峻的问题，这主要归因于发病率上升、高发病率和死亡率以及长期的心理、身体和社会后果。与老年患者发生的脑卒中相比，年轻患者发生的脑卒中更加异质，这主要是由于潜在的风险因素和病因多种多样。在这篇综述中，我们将概述全球年轻患者发生脑卒中的流行病学变化，特别关注地理、种族/民族和性别差异以及空气污染等早期缺血性脑卒中的传统和新型风险因素。了解全球差异是更好地针对该疾病进行区域性预防和治疗的重要前提。
