Alfaro-Díaz C, Canga-Armayor A, Gutiérrez-Alemán T, Carrión M, Esandi N
Departamento de Enfermería de la Persona Adulta. Facultad de Enfermería. Universidad de Navarra. Pamplona..
An Sist Sanit Navar. 2020 Apr 20;43(1):17-33. doi: 10.23938/ASSN.0749.
Nursing professionals are one of the groups most affected by work-related stress, which may affect the professional's quality of life and the quality of nursing care. At the international level, the Demand-Control-Support Questionnaire (DCSQ) has proved to be a brief, valid and reliable tool for assessing psychosocial stress at work. The objective of this study was to obtain a Spanish version of the DCSQ for nursing professionals.
The linguistic validation proceeded in two phases: 1) forward-translation, back-translation and linguistic adaptation of the instrument and 2) content validation of the instrument using a panel of seven experts, and evaluation of the applicability and comprehension of the adapted version in a sample of twenty-one nursing professionals.
Phase 1) In the translation process, one item required semantic changes, while five items required syntactic changes. The back-translation versions were similar, and the most relevant doubts were found in item 5, identified as a problematic item throughout the entire process. Phase 2) The content validity analysis showed excellent values (content validity index = 0.90 and Kappa index values = 0.65); moreover, the pilot study confirmed the adequate comprehensibility and applicability of the questionnaire.
The use of a systematic and rigorous methodology made it possible to obtain a Spanish version of the DCSQ that is conceptually and linguistically equivalent to the original instrument and suitable for assessing psychosocial stress of nursing professionals in the workplace in a multidimensional manner.
护理专业人员是受工作相关压力影响最大的群体之一，这可能会影响专业人员的生活质量和护理质量。在国际层面，需求 - 控制 - 支持问卷（DCSQ）已被证明是一种评估工作中心理社会压力的简短、有效且可靠的工具。本研究的目的是为护理专业人员获得DCSQ的西班牙语版本。
语言验证分两个阶段进行：1）对该工具进行正向翻译、回译和语言调整，以及2）使用由七位专家组成的小组对该工具进行内容验证，并在21名护理专业人员的样本中评估调整后版本的适用性和可理解性。
第1阶段）在翻译过程中，一个项目需要语义更改，而五个项目需要句法更改。回译版本相似，并且在项目5中发现了最相关的疑问，该项目在整个过程中都被确定为有问题的项目。第2阶段）内容效度分析显示出优异的值（内容效度指数 = 0.90，卡帕指数值 = 0.65）；此外，预试验证实了问卷具有足够的可理解性和适用性。
使用系统且严谨的方法使得能够获得DCSQ的西班牙语版本，该版本在概念和语言上与原始工具等效，并且适合以多维度方式评估护理专业人员在工作场所的心理社会压力。
