Dana Center for Preventive Ophthalmology, Wilmer Eye Institute, Johns Hopkins Medicine, Baltimore, USA.
Ophthalmic Physiol Opt. 2020 Mar;40(2):66-74. doi: 10.1111/opo.12666. Epub 2020 Feb 3.
Trachoma, a chronic conjunctivitis that can result in vision loss from trichiasis, is targeted for global elimination by 2020. Several milestones in the long process towards elimination are noteworthy for the impact they have had on changing or accelerating progress. The purpose of this review is to describe the milestones and the impact they have had both for trachoma elimination and beyond.
Eight milestones are presented. They are discovery of the causative agent; development of a clinical grading scheme; establishment of the World Health Organization Alliance for the Global Elimination of Trachoma by 2020; setting targets that define elimination; building an evidence base for trichiasis surgery; azithromycin donation programme; use of the SAFE strategy (Surgery, Antibiotics, Facial cleanliness, and Environmental improvement); and The Global Trachoma Mapping Project.
These milestones have significantly pushed the progress towards elimination. Despite challenges to achieving the goal of elimination by 2020, there is continued commitment into the future to ensure that this preventable cause of blindness is no longer a threat.
沙眼是一种慢性结膜炎，可导致睫毛倒生引起视力丧失，目标是到 2020 年全球消除该病。在消除该病的漫长过程中有几个重要的里程碑，因为它们对改变或加速进展产生了影响。本综述旨在描述这些里程碑及其对沙眼消除和其他方面的影响。
提出了 8 个重要的里程碑。它们包括发现致病因子；制定临床分级方案；成立世界卫生组织到 2020 年消除沙眼全球联盟；设定消除目标；建立针对倒睫手术的证据基础；阿奇霉素捐赠计划；使用 SAFE 策略（手术、抗生素、面部清洁和环境改善）；以及全球沙眼绘图项目。
这些里程碑极大地推动了消除该病的进展。尽管到 2020 年实现消除目标面临挑战，但未来仍将继续致力于确保这种可预防的致盲原因不再构成威胁。
