Department of Health Studies, College of Human Sciences, University of South Africa, Pretoria, South Africa.
Orbis International, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
Pan Afr Med J. 2024 Jul 9;48:93. doi: 10.11604/pamj.2024.48.93.43242. eCollection 2024.
in Ethiopia, despite implementing decades-long surgery, antibiotics, facial cleanliness, and environmental improvement interventions, commonly known as the SAFE strategies, persistence and recrudescence of trachoma are common. There is limited evidence that explained the reasons. This study assesses factors associated with trachoma in persistently endemic settings.
using a World Health Organization (WHO)-endorsed Global Trachoma Mapping Methodology, a two-stage cluster sampling technique was applied to select 1538 study respondents from 52 clusters. Data was collected using ODK and analysed using SPSS 28. A total of 1522 respondents were enrolled.
the mean age of the respondents was 33.4 and 50.5% of the respondents were females. About 32.3% (CI 30%, 34%) of the households reported the presence of at least one member of the family having one or more symptoms of trachoma. Being from poorer household (AOR=1.36, 95% CI: 1.0,1.75), presence of a household member who did not receive optimum treatment (AOR=2.8, 95% CI: 1.5, 5.2), and less than 3 doses of treatment (AOR=1.94, 95% CI: 1.32, 2.86) and presence of children ever not treated (AOR= 2.5, 95% CI: 1.5, 4.2) are associated with increased risk of manifesting symptoms of trachoma. In contrast, having optimally treated members of household (AOR=11.2,95% CI: 6.5, 19.3) and face washing with soap (AOR=0.59, 95% CI 36, 0.97) were preventive.
trachoma is a persistent problem in the study districts. Generally, persistent, and recrudescent districts are characterised by segments of population missing optimum treatment as well as poor sanitation and hygiene practices. Our evidence supports the importance of adhering to optimal treatment guidelines, leaving no one behind, and the need for adequate treatment coverage.
在埃塞俄比亚，尽管实施了长达几十年的手术、抗生素、面部清洁和环境改善干预措施，通常称为 SAFE 策略，但沙眼的持续存在和复发仍然很常见。目前，只有有限的证据可以解释其中的原因。本研究评估了与持续流行地区沙眼相关的因素。
采用世界卫生组织（WHO）认可的全球沙眼绘图方法，采用两阶段聚类抽样技术从 52 个聚类中选择 1538 名研究对象。使用 ODK 收集数据，使用 SPSS 28 进行分析。共纳入 1522 名受访者。
受访者的平均年龄为 33.4 岁，50.5%的受访者为女性。约 32.3%（CI 30%，34%）的家庭报告至少有一名家庭成员存在一种或多种沙眼症状。来自较贫困家庭的人（AOR=1.36，95%CI：1.0，1.75）、家中有未接受最佳治疗的成员（AOR=2.8，95%CI：1.5，5.2）、接受不到 3 剂治疗（AOR=1.94，95%CI：1.32，2.86）和家中有未接受治疗的儿童（AOR=2.5，95%CI：1.5，4.2）的人，患沙眼症状的风险增加。相反，家中有接受最佳治疗的成员（AOR=11.2，95%CI：6.5，19.3）和用肥皂洗脸（AOR=0.59，95%CI 36，0.97）可预防。
沙眼在研究地区仍然是一个持续存在的问题。一般来说，持续和复发的地区的特点是部分人群未接受最佳治疗以及卫生和个人卫生习惯较差。我们的证据支持坚持最佳治疗指南、不遗漏任何人以及需要充分治疗覆盖率的重要性。
