Schnaitmann Christopher, Pagni Manuel, Reiff Dierk F
Department for Animal Physiology and Neurobiology, Institute of Biology I, Albert-Ludwigs-University Freiburg, Freiburg, 79104, Germany.
J Comp Physiol A Neuroethol Sens Neural Behav Physiol. 2020 Mar;206(2):183-198. doi: 10.1007/s00359-019-01397-3. Epub 2020 Feb 4.
Color vision is an important sensory capability that enhances the detection of contrast in retinal images. Monochromatic animals exclusively detect temporal and spatial changes in luminance, whereas two or more types of photoreceptors and neuronal circuitries for the comparison of their responses enable animals to differentiate spectral information independent of intensity. Much of what we know about the cellular and physiological mechanisms underlying color vision comes from research on vertebrates including primates. In insects, many important discoveries have been made, but direct insights into the physiology and circuit implementation of color vision are still limited. Recent advances in Drosophila systems neuroscience suggest that a complete insect color vision circuitry, from photoreceptors to behavior, including all elements and computations, can be revealed in future. Here, we review fundamental concepts in color vision alongside our current understanding of the neuronal basis of color vision in Drosophila, including side views to selected other insects.
色觉是一种重要的感官能力，可增强视网膜图像中对比度的检测。单色动物仅能检测亮度的时间和空间变化，而两种或更多种光感受器以及用于比较它们反应的神经回路使动物能够区分与强度无关的光谱信息。我们对色觉背后的细胞和生理机制的了解大多来自对包括灵长类动物在内的脊椎动物的研究。在昆虫方面，已经有了许多重要发现，但对色觉的生理学和神经回路实现的直接见解仍然有限。果蝇系统神经科学的最新进展表明，未来可能会揭示从光感受器到行为的完整昆虫色觉神经回路，包括所有元件和计算过程。在这里，我们回顾色觉的基本概念以及我们目前对果蝇色觉神经基础的理解，包括对其他选定昆虫的侧面观察。
