The Peter Gorer Department of Immunobiology, King's College London, UK.
The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK.
FEBS J. 2020 May;287(9):1686-1699. doi: 10.1111/febs.15238. Epub 2020 Feb 21.
The mammalian gastrointestinal compartment is colonised by millions of microorganisms that have a central influence on human health. Intestinal homeostasis requires a continuous dialogue between the commensal bacteria and intestinal immune cells. While interactions between host and commensal bacteria are normally beneficial, allowing training and functional tuning of immune cells, dysregulated immune system-microbiota crosstalk can favour the development of chronic inflammatory diseases, as it is the case for inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Natural killer T (NKT) cells, which recognise CD1-restricted microbial and self-lipids, contribute to the regulation of mucosal immunity by controlling intestinal homeostasis and participating in the development of IBD. Here, we provide an overview of the recently identified pathways underlying the crosstalk between commensal bacteria and NKT cells and discuss the effect of these interactions in intestinal health and disease.
哺乳动物的胃肠道中定植着数以百万计的微生物，这些微生物对人类健康有着至关重要的影响。肠道内环境的稳定需要共生菌与肠道免疫细胞之间持续的对话。虽然宿主与共生菌之间的相互作用通常是有益的，有助于免疫细胞的训练和功能调节，但免疫系统与微生物群落的失调相互作用会促进慢性炎症性疾病的发展，如炎症性肠病（IBD）。自然杀伤 T（NKT）细胞识别 CD1 限制的微生物和自身脂质，通过控制肠道内环境稳定和参与 IBD 的发展，有助于调节黏膜免疫。在这里，我们概述了最近发现的共生菌与 NKT 细胞相互作用的途径，并讨论了这些相互作用在肠道健康和疾病中的影响。
