Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, E.T.S.I. Agrónomos y de Montes, Cátedra de Química Agrícola, Avda. de España s/n, 02071 Albacete, Spain.
BetterRID (Better Research, Innovation and Development, S.L.), Carretera de Las Peñas (CM-3203), Km 3.2, Campo de Prácticas-UCLM, 02071 Albacete, Spain.
Biomolecules. 2020 Feb 1;10(2):213. doi: 10.3390/biom10020213.
Ozonated water is being introduced as an alternative phytosanitary treatment to control grapevine diseases in a context in which the reduction of chemical pesticides has become an urgent necessity. In this study, we evaluated the effect of spraying grapevines with ozonated water on the enological, phenolic, and aromatic qualities of Bobal wines during two consecutive growing seasons. In the first season, ozonated water was applied once during the ripening period on grapevines trained on the traditional gobelet system (S). In the second season, three applications were performed between fruit set and harvest on grapevines grown on a vertical trellis system (S). The S treatment led to a wine with an increased alcoholic degree and a remarkably higher phenolic content, which resulted in preferable chromatic characteristics. The S treatment maintained the total phenolic content but significantly enhanced stilbenes and flavanols and also reduced anthocyanins, which negatively affected the wine colour. Regarding aroma, both treatments reduced the content of glycosylated precursors and had different effects on free volatiles, both varietal and fermentative. Thus, the metabolic response of grapevines to the ozonated water stress, and therefore the quality of wines, depended on the ozone dose received by the plants.
臭氧水作为一种替代植物检疫处理方法被引入，以控制葡萄藤疾病，因为减少化学农药的使用已成为当务之急。在本研究中，我们评估了在两个连续的生长季节中，用臭氧水喷洒葡萄藤对博巴尔葡萄酒的酿造、酚类和芳香品质的影响。在第一个季节，在传统的高脚杯系统（S）上成熟期间对葡萄藤进行了一次臭氧水喷洒。在第二个季节，在果实形成和收获之间对垂直棚架系统（S）上的葡萄藤进行了三次喷洒。S 处理导致葡萄酒的酒精度增加，酚类含量显著提高，从而产生了更好的色度特征。S 处理保持了总酚类含量，但显著增强了白藜芦醇和黄烷醇，同时降低了花青素，这对葡萄酒颜色产生了负面影响。关于香气，两种处理都降低了糖苷前体的含量，并对游离挥发性物质产生了不同的影响，包括品种和发酵产生的挥发性物质。因此，葡萄藤对臭氧水胁迫的代谢反应，以及葡萄酒的质量，取决于植物接收到的臭氧剂量。
