Department of Microbiology, Kohat University of Science and Technology, Kohat, Pakistan.
Bacteriology Laboratory Center of Microbiology and Bacteriology (CMB) Veterinary Research Institute, Peshawar, Pakistan.
Folia Microbiol (Praha). 2020 Apr;65(2):275-291. doi: 10.1007/s12223-020-00773-w. Epub 2020 Feb 5.
Shigella flexneri is a leading etiologic agent of diarrhea in low socioeconomic countries. Notably, various serotypes in S. flexneri are reported from different regions of the world. The precise approximations of illness and death owing to shigellosis are missing in low socioeconomic countries, although it is widespread in different regions. The inadequate statistics available reveal S. flexneri to be a significant food and waterborne pathogen. All over the world, different antibiotic-resistant strains of S. flexneri serotypes have been emerged especially multidrug-resistant strains. Recently, increased resistance was observed in cephalosporins (3rd generation), azithromycin, and fluoroquinolones. There is a need for a continuous surveillance study on antibiotic resistance that will be helpful in the update of the antibiogram. The shigellosis burden can be reduced by adopting preventive measures like delivery of safe drinking water, suitable sanitation, and development of an effective and inexpensive multivalent vaccine. This review attempts to provide the recent findings of S. flexneri related to epidemiology and the emergence of multidrug resistance.
福氏志贺菌是低社会经济国家腹泻的主要病原体。值得注意的是，世界不同地区都有各种血清型的福氏志贺菌报道。尽管痢疾在不同地区广泛存在，但在低社会经济国家，由于志贺菌病导致的疾病和死亡的精确估计数据仍存在缺失。现有的统计数据显示，福氏志贺菌是一种重要的食源性和水源性致病菌。在世界各地，不同血清型的福氏志贺菌对抗生素的耐药性已经出现，尤其是多药耐药菌株。最近，第三代头孢菌素、阿奇霉素和氟喹诺酮类药物的耐药性有所增加。需要对抗生素耐药性进行持续监测研究，这将有助于更新药敏谱。通过采取安全饮用水供应、适当的卫生设施和开发有效且廉价的多价疫苗等预防措施，可以减轻痢疾负担。本综述试图提供福氏志贺菌相关的流行病学和多药耐药性的最新发现。
