Luna David, Urquiza-Flores Diana Ivette, Figuerola-Escoto Rosa Paola, Carreño-Morales Carolina, Meneses-González Fernando
Comisión Nacional de Arbitraje Médico, Dirección de investigación; Ciudad de México, México.
Instituto Tecnológico y de Estudios Superiores de Monterrey, Campus Ciudad de México; Méxic.
Gac Med Mex. 2020;156(1):40-46. doi: 10.24875/GMM.19005143.
Medical students report higher levels of anxiety than students from other majors. Knowledge about their psychological well-being is scarce.
To identify sociodemographic and academic factors that predict the level of anxiety and psychological well-being in Mexican medical students.
Cross-sectional study of Mexican medical students of first (n = 59), third (n = 43) and fifth semester (n = 59), who answered a sociodemographic questionnaire, Beck Anxiety Inventory, the Psychological Well-being Scale for adults and the Family Adaptability and Cohesion Evaluation Scale.
Females showed higher levels of anxiety (p < 0.01). Anxiety in males was similar in the different semesters (p > 0.05); women of third and fifth semesters were more anxious than those at first semester (p < 0.01). Anxiety and psychological well-being were negatively correlated (p < 0.001). The "Less anxiety, higher level of well-being" and "More anxiety, lower level of well-being" subgroups were characterized, and a logistic regression identified that being a woman (OR = 4.70) and not practicing any religion (OR = 2.49) are predictive factors of higher levels of anxiety.
Female medical students constitute a population at risk for higher levels of anxiety and less psychological well-being, which compromises their learning, quality of life and future professional practice.
医学生报告的焦虑水平高于其他专业的学生。关于他们心理健康状况的了解很少。
确定预测墨西哥医学生焦虑水平和心理健康状况的社会人口统计学和学术因素。
对墨西哥第一学期（n = 59）、第三学期（n = 43）和第五学期（n = 59）的医学生进行横断面研究，这些学生回答了一份社会人口统计学问卷、贝克焦虑量表、成人心理健康量表和家庭适应性与凝聚力评估量表。
女性表现出更高的焦虑水平（p < 0.01）。男性在不同学期的焦虑水平相似（p > 0.05）；第三和第五学期的女性比第一学期的女性更焦虑（p < 0.01）。焦虑与心理健康呈负相关（p < 0.001）。对“焦虑程度较低，幸福感较高”和“焦虑程度较高，幸福感较低”亚组进行了特征描述，逻辑回归分析确定女性（OR = 4.70）和不信仰任何宗教（OR = 2.49）是焦虑水平较高的预测因素。
女医学生是焦虑水平较高和心理健康状况较差的高危人群，这会影响她们的学习、生活质量和未来的专业实践。
