Dirección General de Difusión e Investigación, Comisión Nacional de Arbitraje Médico, Ciudad de México.
Unidad de Atención de Neurociencias, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Jalisco.
Cir Cir. 2023;91(5):685-689. doi: 10.24875/CIRU.22000264.
The expression of empathy improves the quality of health care, which is why its instruction is suggested during the years of academic training of medical students. However, expressing empathy can also cause anxiety and impair psychological well-being.
To identify profiles that describe the relationship between empathy, anxiety and psychological well-being in Mexican medical students.
Cross-sectional study in Mexican medical students completed the Multidimensional Empathy Scale, the Beck Anxiety Inventory, and the Psychological Well-Being Scale for Adults.
Women presented greater empathy and anxiety and lower psychological well-being (p < 0.01). Anxiety in students of the last year of training was lower compared to students of the first and second year (p < 0.01). Four profiles were detected: 1) men, minimal anxiety, low empathy; 2) first-year students, moderate to severe anxiety, low psychological well-being, high empathy; 3) last year of training, mild anxiety, adequate psychological well-being, medium empathy; 4) women, second and third year of training, very high empathy.
Medical students in their first year of training constitute a population at risk. Attention strategies are necessary for this student group.
同理心的表达可以提高医疗保健的质量，这就是为什么在医学生的学术培训期间建议教授同理心。然而，表达同理心也可能会引起焦虑并损害心理健康。
确定描述墨西哥医学生同理心、焦虑和心理健康之间关系的特征。
对墨西哥医学生进行横断面研究，完成多维同理心量表、贝克焦虑量表和成人心理幸福感量表。
女性表现出更高的同理心和焦虑以及更低的心理健康水平（p<0.01）。最后一年训练的学生的焦虑程度低于第一年和第二年的学生（p<0.01）。检测到四个特征：1）男性，轻度焦虑，低同理心；2）一年级学生，中重度焦虑，低心理健康水平，高同理心；3）最后一年训练，轻度焦虑，适当的心理健康水平，中等同理心；4）女性，第二和第三年训练，非常高的同理心。
一年级医学生构成了一个高风险人群。对于这个学生群体，需要有针对性的关注策略。
