Departamento de Fisiología, Laboratorio de Canabinoides, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México, Mexico.
Laboratorio de Neurogenómica Cognitiva, Facultad de Psicología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México, Mexico.
Arch Med Res. 2019 Nov;50(8):518-526. doi: 10.1016/j.arcmed.2019.09.005. Epub 2020 Feb 3.
Most of the drugs of abuse affect the brain by interacting with naturally expressed molecular receptors. Marihuana affects a series of receptors including cannabinoid receptor 1 (CB1R) and CB2R, among others. Endogenous molecules with cannabinoid activity interact with these receptors naturally. Receptors, ligands, synthesizing and degrading enzymes, as well as transporters, have been described. This endocannabinoid system modulates behaviors and physiological processes, i.e. food intake, the sleep-waking cycle, learning and memory, motivation, and pain perception, among others. The rather broad distribution of endocannabinoids in the brain explains the different effects marihuana induces in its users. However, this very same anatomical and physiological distribution makes this system a useful target for therapeutic endeavors. In this review, we briefly discuss the potential of small molecules that target the endocannabinoids as therapeutic tools to improve behaviors and treat illnesses. We believe that under medical supervision, endocannabinoid targets offer new advantages for patients for controlling multiple medical disorders.
大多数滥用药物通过与天然表达的分子受体相互作用来影响大脑。大麻影响一系列受体，包括大麻素受体 1（CB1R）和 CB2R 等。具有大麻素活性的内源性分子与这些受体自然相互作用。已经描述了受体、配体、合成和降解酶以及转运体。这种内源性大麻素系统调节行为和生理过程，例如食物摄入、睡眠-觉醒周期、学习和记忆、动机和疼痛感知等。内源性大麻素在大脑中的广泛分布解释了大麻在使用者中引起的不同影响。然而，正是这种解剖和生理分布使该系统成为治疗努力的有用目标。在这篇综述中，我们简要讨论了靶向内源性大麻素的小分子作为治疗工具的潜力，以改善行为和治疗疾病。我们相信，在医疗监督下，内源性大麻素靶标为控制多种疾病的患者提供了新的优势。
