School of Psychology, University of Queensland, Brisbane 4072, Australia.
School of Psychology, University of Queensland, Brisbane 4072, Australia.
J Exp Child Psychol. 2020 May;193:104807. doi: 10.1016/j.jecp.2020.104807. Epub 2020 Feb 3.
Children display explicit social preferences for native-accented and same-race peers, but when these two markers are in conflict, they prefer native-accented other-race peers over foreign-accented same-race peers. However, to what extent do these preferences translate into children's behavior toward others? This study investigated children's resource distribution decisions based on photographs of unfamiliar children who differed in accent and race. A total of 77 native English-speaking, White 5- to 10-year-old children were given three coins to distribute to pairs of recipients, with an option to distribute equally by discarding a resource. Children under 7 years gave selectively more coins to recipients who shared their accent and race, whereas children aged 7 and 8 years gave more coins to their accent in-group only when it was paired with the out-group race. Children aged 9 and 10 years consistently gave more coins to their accent in-group despite the racial category. It was concluded that, with age, accent becomes an increasingly used social marker in guiding children's resource distribution decisions.
儿童对外形和种族与自己一致的带有本土口音的同伴表现出明显的社交偏好，但当这两个标志发生冲突时，他们更喜欢带有本土口音的其他种族同伴，而不是带有外国口音的同种族同伴。然而，这些偏好在多大程度上转化为儿童对他人的行为呢？本研究通过照片调查了儿童在资源分配决策上的偏好，这些照片中的陌生儿童在口音和种族上存在差异。共有 77 名以英语为母语的、白种的 5 至 10 岁儿童被给予 3 枚硬币，可选择通过放弃资源来平均分配给两个接受者。7 岁以下的儿童更倾向于选择性地将更多的硬币分配给与自己口音和种族相同的接受者，而 7 岁和 8 岁的儿童只有在口音同组与外组种族配对时，才会更多地将硬币分配给自己的口音组。9 岁和 10 岁的儿童则始终更倾向于将硬币分配给他们的口音同组，而不论种族类别如何。研究结论认为，随着年龄的增长，口音在指导儿童的资源分配决策方面成为越来越重要的社交标志。
